Comparison between clinical characteristics and laboratory findings among patients with complicated and noncomplicated SARS-CoV-2 infection: A single-center experience from Shebin Al-Kom, Egypt

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is considered a serious highly infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, resulting in more than 6.27 million deaths worldwide. Aim of the study: The study aimed to compare clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients with complications and without complications and discriminate the important risk factors for the complications and deaths. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 75 confirmed COVID-19 positive patients; out of which 49 were severely-ill cases. Analysis of all patients' clinical and laboratory information on admission including serum ferritin, thrombotic activity (d-dimer), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were done. Results: Lymphopenia, tachycardia, tachypnea, elevated CRP, d-dimer, serum ferritin, LDH, and decreased SpO2 were significantly associated with complicated cases (p <.05 for all). By using multivariate logistic regression analysis models, elevated serum ferritin and tachycardia were significantly correlated with the increased odds of complicated COVID-19 cases (odds ratio [confidence interval 95%] = 10.42 [2.32–46.89] and 8.01 [1.17–55.99]; respectively) (p =.002 and.007, respectively). Conclusion: Lymphocytopenia, d-dimer, LDH, and CRP levels, which were significantly linked to the severity of COVID-19, were the prognostic biomarkers to predict the disease severity.