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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Association between genital schistosomiasis and HIV in rural Zimbabwean women
AIDS, Volume 20, No. 4, Year 2006
Notification
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Description
Objective: To determine the association between female genital Schistosoma haematobium infection and HIV. Design and methods: A cross-sectional study with a 1-year follow-up. Gynecological and laboratory investigations were performed for S. haematobium and HIV. Sexually transmitted infections, demographic and urogenital history were analysed as confounders. The participants were 527 sexually active, non-pregnant, non-menopausal women between the ages of 20 and 49 years. The setting was a rural Zimbabwean community where S. haematobium related lesions were found in 46% of the women, HIV in 29% and herpes simplex type- 2 (HSV-2) in 65%. Results: In permanent residents (>3 years residency), HIV was found in 41% (29/70) of women with laboratory proven genital schistosomiasis as opposed to 26% HIV positive (96/375) in the schistosomal ova negative group [odds ratio (OR), 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-3.5; P = 0.008. In multivariate analysis S. haematobium infection of the genital mucosa was significantly associated with HIV seropositivity (adjusted OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.11-7.5; P = 0.030). All seven women who became HIV positive during the study period (seroincidence 3.1%) had signs of S. haematobium at baseline. In accordance with other studies HIV was significantly associated with HSV-2 (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.7-5.3; P < 0.001), syphilis and human papillomavirus. The highest HIV prevalence (45%) was found in the 25-29 years age group. Conclusion: Women with genital schistosomiasis had an almost three-fold risk of having HIV in this rural Zimbabwean community. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the association. © 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Authors & Co-Authors
Kjetland, Eyrun Floerecke
Norway, Oslo
Ulleval University Hospital
Ndhlovu, Patricia Doris
Zimbabwe, Harare
University of Zimbabwe
Gomo, Exnevia
Zimbabwe, Harare
University of Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe, Harare
Blair Research Institute
Mduluza, Takafira
Zimbabwe, Harare
University of Zimbabwe
Midzi, Nicholas
Zimbabwe, Harare
Blair Research Institute
Gwanzura, Lovemore K.Z.
Zimbabwe, Harare
University of Zimbabwe
Mason, Peter R.
Zimbabwe, Harare
University of Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe, Harare
Biomedical Research and Training Institute Harare
Sandvik, Leiv
Norway, Oslo
Ulleval University Hospital
Friis, Henrik M.U.
Denmark, Copenhagen
Københavns Universitet
Gundersen, Svein Gunnar
Norway, Kristiansand
Universitetet I Agder
Statistics
Citations: 381
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/01.aids.0000210614.45212.0a
Research Areas
Cancer
Infectious Diseases
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Participants Gender
Female