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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Safety and efficacy of methylene blue combined with artesunate or amodiaquine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria: A randomized controlled trial from Burkina Faso
PLoS ONE, Volume 3, No. 2, Article e1630, Year 2008
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Description
Background: Besides existing artemisinin-based combination therapies, alternative safe, effective and affordable drug combinations against falciparum malaria are needed. Methylene blue (MB) was the first synthetic antimalarial drug ever used, and recent studies have been promising with regard to its revival in malaria therapy. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of two MB-based malaria combination therapies, MB-artesunate (AS) and MB-amodiaquine (AQ), compared to the local standard of care, AS-AQ, in Burkina Faso. Methods and Findings: Open-label ramdomised controlled phase II study in 180 children aged 6-10 years with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Nouna, north-western Burkina Faso. Follow-up was for 28 days and analysis by intention-to-treat. The treatment groups were similar in baseline characteristics and there was only one loss to follow-up. No drug-related serious adverse events and no deaths occured. MB-containing regimes were associated with mild vomiting and dysuria. No early treatment failures were observed. Parasite clearance time differed significantly among groups and was the shortest with MB-AS. By day 14, the rates of adequate clinical and parasitological response after PCR-based correction for recrudescence were 87% for MB-AS, 100% for MB-AQ (p=0.004), and 100% for AS-AQ (p=0.003). By day 28, the respective figure was lowest for MB-AS (62%), intermediate for the standard treatment AS-AQ (82% p=0.015), and highest for MB-AQ (95% p<0.001; p=0.03). Conclusion: MB-AQ is a promising alternative drug combination against malaria in Africa. Moreover, MB has the potential to further accelerate the rapid parasite clearance of artemisinin-based combination therapies. More than a century after the antimalarial properties of MB has been described, its role in malaria control deserves closer attention. © 2008 Zoungrana et al.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2238815/bin/pone.0001630.s001.doc
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2238815/bin/pone.0001630.s002.doc
Authors & Co-Authors
Zoungrana, Augustin
Burkina Faso, Nouna
Centre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna
Coulibaly, Boubacar
Burkina Faso, Nouna
Centre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna
Sié, Alie
Burkina Faso, Nouna
Centre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna
Walter-Sack, Ingeborg E.
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Mockenhaupt, Frank Peter
Germany, Berlin
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Kouyaté, Bocar A.
Burkina Faso, Nouna
Centre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna
Schirmer, Rolf Heiner
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Klose, Christina
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Mansmann, Ulrich R.
Germany, Munich
Ludwig-maximilians-universität München
Meißner, Peter E.
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Müller, Olaf
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Statistics
Citations: 99
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0001630
e-ISSN:
19326203
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Burkina Faso