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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Phylogenetic analysis of the precore/core gene of hepatitis B virus genotypes E and A in West Africa: New subtypes, mixed infections and recombinations
Journal of General Virology, Volume 87, No. 5, Year 2006
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Description
One hundred and twenty-two new hepatitis B virus (HBV) preC/C sequences and three complete genomes from three major countries in West Africa were analysed. The majority of sequences were of genotype E and the only other genotype found was genotype A. Although for genotype E sequences, the genetic diversity of the preC/C gene was about two to three times higher than that of the preS/S gene, it was still considerably lower than that for genotype A sequences. The HBV/E preC/C gene was related most closely to subgenotype D1 and D2 sequences. Evidence of recombination was found in two strains that were of genotype A in the preS/S gene and of genotype E in the preC/C gene. The genotype A strains from Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria could be divided phylogenetically into three subtypes, A3 and two new subtypes, tentatively designated A4 and A5. Each subtype presented a genetic diversity of 2.19-3.85% and intersubtype distances of 4.47-5.97%. Interestingly, one sample from Nigeria showed evidence of a triple recombination of genotypes E/D and A, separated by a genotype G-specific insert of 36 bp. Of 110 patients, 19 (17.3%) showed a coinfection of genotypes A and E, mostly in human immunodeficiency virus-positive children from Cameroon. Thus, in Cameroon, where both genotypes coexist, 37% of all individuals tested had mixed infections. The low genetic variability in the preC/C gene of genotype E supports our previous speculation about a relatively short evolutionary history of this genotype, in contrast to the subtype-rich African genotype A strains. © 2006 SGM.
Authors & Co-Authors
Olinger, Christophe M.
Luxembourg, Strassen
Luxembourg Institute of Health
Venard, Véronique
France, Nancy
Université de Lorraine
Njayou, Mounjohou
France, Banyuls-sur-mer
Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes
Bola Oyefolu, Akeeb O.
Nigeria, Lagos
University of Lagos
Maïga, Ibrahima Izétiegouma
Mali, Bamako
Hopital National du Point g
Kemp, Alain J.
Luxembourg, Strassen
Luxembourg Institute of Health
Omilabu, Sunday Aremu
Nigeria, Lagos
University of Lagos
Le Faou, Alain E.
France, Nancy
Université de Lorraine
Muller, Claude P.
Luxembourg, Strassen
Luxembourg Institute of Health
Statistics
Citations: 162
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1099/vir.0.81614-0
ISSN:
00221317
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Locations
Multi-countries
Cameroon
Mali
Nigeria