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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
A Novel Highly Divergent Protein Family Identified from a Viviparous Insect by RNA-seq Analysis: A Potential Target for Tsetse Fly-Specific Abortifacients
PLoS Genetics, Volume 10, No. 4, Article e1003874, Year 2014
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Description
In tsetse flies, nutrients for intrauterine larval development are synthesized by the modified accessory gland (milk gland) and provided in mother's milk during lactation. Interference with at least two milk proteins has been shown to extend larval development and reduce fecundity. The goal of this study was to perform a comprehensive characterization of tsetse milk proteins using lactation-specific transcriptome/milk proteome analyses and to define functional role(s) for the milk proteins during lactation. Differential analysis of RNA-seq data from lactating and dry (non-lactating) females revealed enrichment of transcripts coding for protein synthesis machinery, lipid metabolism and secretory proteins during lactation. Among the genes induced during lactation were those encoding the previously identified milk proteins (milk gland proteins 1-3, transferrin and acid sphingomyelinase 1) and seven new genes (mgp4-10). The genes encoding mgp2-10 are organized on a 40 kb syntenic block in the tsetse genome, have similar exon-intron arrangements, and share regions of amino acid sequence similarity. Expression of mgp2-10 is female-specific and high during milk secretion. While knockdown of a single mgp failed to reduce fecundity, simultaneous knockdown of multiple variants reduced milk protein levels and lowered fecundity. The genomic localization, gene structure similarities, and functional redundancy of MGP2-10 suggest that they constitute a novel highly divergent protein family. Our data indicates that MGP2-10 function both as the primary amino acid resource for the developing larva and in the maintenance of milk homeostasis, similar to the function of the mammalian casein family of milk proteins. This study underscores the dynamic nature of the lactation cycle and identifies a novel family of lactation-specific proteins, unique to Glossina sp., that are essential to larval development. The specificity of MGP2-10 to tsetse and their critical role during lactation suggests that these proteins may be an excellent target for tsetse-specific population control approaches. © 2014.
Available Materials
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https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3998918/bin/pgen.1003874.s009.xlsx
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3998918/bin/pgen.1003874.s010.xlsx
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https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3998918/bin/pgen.1003874.s017.docx
Authors & Co-Authors
Benoit, Joshua B.
United States, New Haven
Yale University
United States, Cincinnati
University of Cincinnati
Attardo, Geoffrey Michael
United States, New Haven
Yale University
Michalkova, Veronika
United States, New Haven
Yale University
Slovakia, Bratislava
Slovak Academy of Sciences
United States, Cincinnati
University of Cincinnati
Krause, Tyler B.
United States, New Haven
Yale University
Bohova, Jana
Slovakia, Bratislava
Slovak Academy of Sciences
Zhang, Qirui
United States, Columbus
The Ohio State University
Baumann, Aaron A.
United States, Ashburn
Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Farm Research Campus
Mireji, Paul O.
Kenya, Njoro
Egerton University
Takáč, Peter
Slovakia, Bratislava
Slovak Academy of Sciences
Denlinger, David L.
United States, Columbus
The Ohio State University
Ribeiro, J. M.C.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Aksoy, Serap
United States, New Haven
Yale University
Statistics
Citations: 48
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1003874
e-ISSN:
15537404
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Participants Gender
Female