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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Cadmium, mercury and lead in the blood of urban women in Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, China, Ecuador and Morocco
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Volume 26, No. 1, Year 2013
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Description
Objectives: The aim of the study was to make an international comparison of blood levels of cadmium (B-Cd), lead (B-Pb) and mercury (B-Hg) of women in seven European, and three non-European cities, and to identify determinants. Materials and Methods: About 50 women (age: 46-62) from each city were recruited (totally 480) in 2006-2009. Interview and questionnaire data were obtained. Blood samples were analysed in one laboratory to avoid interlaboratory variation. Results: Between the European cities, the B-Pb and B-Cd results vary little (range of geometric means: 13.5-27.0 μg/l and 0.25-0.65 μg/l, respectively); the variation of B-Hg was larger (0.40-1.38 μg/l). Between the non-European cities the results for B-Pb, B-Cd and B-Hg were 19.2-68.0, 0.39-0.99 and 1.01-2.73 μg/l, respectively. Smoking was a statistically significant determinant for B-Cd, while fish and shellfish intakes contributed to B-Hg and B-Pb, amalgam fillings also contributed to B-Hg. Conclusions: The present results confirm the previous results from children; the exposure to lead and cadmium varies only little between different European cities suggesting that other factors than the living area are more important. The study also confirms the previous findings of higher cadmium and lead levels in some non-European cities. The geographical variation for mercury is significant. © 2013 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien.
Authors & Co-Authors
Pawlas, Natalia
Poland, Sosnowiec
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Stro̊mberg, Ulf
Sweden, Lund
Skånes Universitetssjukhus
Carlberg, Bo C.
Sweden, Umea
Norrlands Universitetssjukhus
Černá, Milena
Czech Republic, Prague
Charles University
Harari, Florencia
Ecuador, Quito
Institute for the Development of Production and Work Environment
Harari, Raúl E.
Ecuador, Quito
Institute for the Development of Production and Work Environment
Horvat, Milena
Slovenia, Ljubljana
Institut Jožef Stefan
Hrubá, Františka
Slovakia, Banska Bystrica
Regional Authority of Public Health
Koppová, Kvetoslava
Slovakia, Banska Bystrica
Regional Authority of Public Health
Kršková, Andrea
Czech Republic, Prague
National Institute of Public Health Prague
Krsnik, Mladen
Slovenia, Ljubljana
Univerzitetni Klinični Center Ljubljana
Li, Yu-Feng
China, Beijing
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Löfmark, Lina
Sweden, Lund
Skånes Universitetssjukhus
Lundh, Thomas
Sweden, Lund
Skånes Universitetssjukhus
Lundström, Nils Göran
Sweden, Umea
Umeå Universitet
Lyoussi, Badiâa
Morocco, Fez
Université Privée de Fès
Markiewicz-Górka, Iwona
Poland, Wroclaw
Wroclaw Medical University
Mazej, Darja
Slovenia, Ljubljana
Institut Jožef Stefan
Osredkar, Joško
Slovenia, Ljubljana
Univerzitetni Klinični Center Ljubljana
Pawlas, Krystyna
Poland, Wroclaw
Wroclaw Medical University
Poland, Sosnowiec
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Rentschler, Gerda
Sweden, Lund
Skånes Universitetssjukhus
Spěváčkov̀á, Věra
Czech Republic, Prague
National Institute of Public Health Prague
Špirić, Zdravko
Croatia, Zagreb
Oikon Ltd. – Institute of Applied Ecology
Sundkvist, Anneli Marklund
Sweden, Umea
Umeå Universitet
Snoj-Tratnik, Janja
Slovenia, Ljubljana
Institut Jožef Stefan
Vadla, Draženka
Croatia, Zagreb
Oikon Ltd. – Institute of Applied Ecology
Zizi, Soumia
Morocco, Fez
Université Privée de Fès
Skerfving, Staffan B.
Sweden, Lund
Skånes Universitetssjukhus
Bergdahl, Ingvar A.
Sweden, Umea
Umeå Universitet
Statistics
Citations: 52
Authors: 29
Affiliations: 14
Identifiers
Doi:
10.2478/S13382-013-0071-9
ISSN:
12321087
Research Areas
Maternal And Child Health
Study Locations
Morocco
Participants Gender
Female