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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
High HIV-1 prevalence, risk behaviours, and willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials in fishing communities on Lake Victoria, Uganda
Journal of the International AIDS Society, Volume 16, Article 18621, Year 2013
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Description
Introduction: HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa are generalized, but high-risk subgroups exist within these epidemics. A recent study among fisher-folk communities (FFC) in Uganda showed high HIV prevalence (28.8%) and incidence (4.9/100 person-years). However, those findings may not reflect population-wide HIV rates in FFC since the study population was selected for high-risk behaviour. Methods: Between September 2011 and March 2013, we conducted a community-based cohort study to determine the population representative HIV rates and willingness to participate (WTP) in hypothetical vaccine trials among FFC, Uganda. At baseline (September 2011-January 2012), a household enumeration census was done in eight fishing communities (one lakeshore and seven islands), after which a random sample of 2200 participants aged 18-49 years was selected from 5360 individuals. Interviewer-administered questionnaire data were collected on HIV risk behaviours and WTP, and venous blood was collected for HIV testing using rapid HIV tests with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) confirmation. Adjusted prevalence proportion ratios (adj.PPRs) of HIV prevalence were determined using log-binomial regression models. Results: Overall baseline HIV prevalence was 26.7% and was higher in women than men (32.6% vs. 20.8%, p < 0.0001). Prevalence was lower among fishermen (22.4%) than housewives (32.1%), farmers (33.1%) and bar/lodge/restaurant workers (37%). The adj.PPR of HIV was higher among women than men (adj.PPR = 1.50, 95%; 1.20, 1.87) and participants aged 30-39 years (adj.PPR = 1.40, 95%; 1.10, 1.79) and 40-49 years (adj.PPR = 1.41, 95%; 1.04, 1.92) compared to those aged 18-24 years. Other factors associated with HIV prevalence included low education, previous marriage, polygamous marriage, alcohol and marijuana use before sex. WTP in hypothetical vaccine trials was 89.3% and was higher in men than women (91.2% vs. 87.3%, p =0.004) and among island communities compared to lakeshore ones (90.4% vs. 85.8%, p =0.004). Conclusions: The HIV prevalence in the general fisher-folk population in Uganda is similar to that observed in the "high-risk" fisher folk. FFC have very high levels of willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials. © 2013 Kiwanuka N et al; licensee International AIDS Society.
Authors & Co-Authors
Kiwanuka, Noah
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University College of Health Sciences
Uganda, Entebbe
Uvri-iavi Hiv Vaccine Program
Ssetaala, Ali
Uganda, Entebbe
Uvri-iavi Hiv Vaccine Program
Mpendo, Juliet
Uganda, Entebbe
Uvri-iavi Hiv Vaccine Program
Wambuzi, Mathias
Uganda, Entebbe
Uvri-iavi Hiv Vaccine Program
Nanvubya, Annet
Uganda, Entebbe
Uvri-iavi Hiv Vaccine Program
Sigirenda, Simon
Uganda, Entebbe
Uvri-iavi Hiv Vaccine Program
Nalutaaya, Annet
Uganda, Entebbe
Uvri-iavi Hiv Vaccine Program
Kato, Paul
Uganda, Entebbe
Uvri-iavi Hiv Vaccine Program
Nielsen, Leslie Elizabeth
United States, New York
International Aids Vaccine Initiative
Kaleebu, Pontiano P.
Uganda, Entebbe
Uganda Virus Research Institute
Nalusiba, Josephine
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University College of Health Sciences
Sewankambo, Nelson K.
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University College of Health Sciences
Statistics
Citations: 78
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.7448/IAS.16.1.18621
e-ISSN:
17582652
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Substance Abuse
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Uganda
Participants Gender
Male
Female