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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
business, management and accounting
Patient demands, lack of reciprocity, and burnout: A five-year longitudinal study among general practitioners
Journal of Organizational Behavior, Volume 21, No. 4, Year 2000
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Description
This study among a sample of 207 general practitioners (GPs) uses a five-year longitudinal design to test a process model of burnout. On the basis of social exchange and equity theory, it is hypothesized and found that demanding patient contacts produce a lack of reciprocity in the GP-patient relationship, which, in turn, depletes GPs' emotional resources and initiates the burnout syndrome. More specifically, structural equation analyses confirmed that - both at T1 and T2 - lack of reciprocity mediates the impact of patient demands on emotional exhaustion. Emotional exhaustion, in turn, evokes negative attitudes toward patients (depersonalization), and toward oneself in relation to the job (reduced personal accomplishment). Moreover, this process model of burnout was confirmed at T2, even after controlling for T1-scores on each of the model components. Finally, T1 depersonalization predicted the intensity and frequency of T2 patient demands, after controlling for T1 patient demands. This major finding suggests that GPs who attempt to gain emotional distance from their patients as a way of coping with their exhaustion, evoke demanding and threatening patient behaviors themselves. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Bakker, Arnold Bastiaan
Netherlands, Utrecht
Universiteit Utrecht
Schaufeli, Wilmar B.
Netherlands, Utrecht
Universiteit Utrecht
Statistics
Citations: 294
Authors: 2
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/(sici)1099-1379(200006)21:4<425::aid-job21>3.0.co;2-%23
ISSN:
08943796
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative