Upstaging and Survival Outcomes for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer after Radical Cystectomy: Results from the International Robotic Cystectomy Consortium
Journal of Endourology, Volume 35, No. 10, Year 2021
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Introduction: We sought to describe the incidence, risk factors, and survival outcomes associated with pathologic upstaging from non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC). Methods: We reviewed the International Robotic Cystectomy Consortium database between 2004 and 2020. Upstaging was defined as ≥pT2 or pathologic node positive (pN+) at final pathology analysis from clinical