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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
In-utero exposure to maternal HIV infection alters T-cell immune responses to vaccination in HIV-uninfected infants
AIDS, Volume 28, No. 10, Year 2014
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Description
OBJECTIVE:: In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants have higher morbidity and mortality than HIV-unexposed infants. To evaluate whether immune dysfunction contributes to this vulnerability of HEU infants, we conducted a longitudinal, observational cohort study to assess T-cell immune responses to infant vaccines (Mycobacterium bovis BCG and acellular pertussis) and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). In total, 46 HEU and 46 HIV-unexposed infants were recruited from Khayelitsha, Cape Town. METHODS:: Vaccine-specific T-cell proliferation (Ki67 expression) and intracellular expression of four cytokines [interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-13 and IL-17] were measured after whole blood stimulation with antigens at 6 and 14 weeks of age. RESULTS:: HEU infants demonstrated elevated BCG-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell proliferative responses at 14 weeks (P=0.041 and 0.002, respectively). These responses were significantly increased even after adjusting for birth weight, feeding mode and gestational age. Similar to BCG, increased CD4 and CD8 T-cell proliferation was evident in response to SEB stimulation (P=0.004 and 0.002, respectively), although pertussis-specific T cells proliferated comparably between the two groups. Within HEU infants, maternal CD4 cell count and length of antenatal antiretroviral exposure had no effect on T-cell proliferation to BCG or SEB. HIV exposure significantly diminished measurable cytokine polyfunctionality in response to BCG, Bordetella pertussis and SEB stimulation. CONCLUSION:: These data show for the first time, when adjusting for confounders, that exposure to HIV in utero is associated with significant alterations to CD4 and CD8T-cell immune responses in infants to vaccines and nonspecific antigens. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Authors & Co-Authors
Kidzeru, Elvis
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Hesseling, Anneke Catharina
South Africa, Cape Town
Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Passmore, Jo Ann Shelley
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Myer, Landon
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Gamieldien, Hoyam
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Tchakoute, Christophe Toukam
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Gray, Clive M.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Sodora, Donald L.
United States, Seattle
Seattle Biomedical Research Institute
Jaspan, Heather B.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
United States, Seattle
Seattle Biomedical Research Institute
Statistics
Citations: 84
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0000000000000292
e-ISSN:
14735571
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative