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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Genetic polymorphisms of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in the Middle East
Parasitology International, Volume 61, No. 4, Year 2012
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Description
Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto is a cosmopolitan parasite causing cystic echinococcosis in humans and livestock. Recent molecular phylogeographic studies suggested the rapid dispersal of the parasite by the anthropogenic movement of domestic animal hosts. In the present study, genetic polymorphism of E. granulosus s. s. in the Middle East, where the domestication started, was investigated to validate the dispersal history of the parasite. Thirty-five and 26 hydatid cysts were collected from Iran and Jordan, respectively, and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene was sequenced. Chinese and Peruvian specimens were also analyzed for comparison. Haplotype network analysis demonstrated the existence of a common haplotype EG01 in all populations. Although EG01 and its one-step neighbors were the majority in all regions, most of the neighboring haplotypes were unique in each locality. Haplotype diversity was high but nucleotide diversity was low in Iran, Jordan and China. Both diversities were lowest and only a few haplotypes were found in Peru. Neutrality indices were significantly negative in Iran, Jordan and China, and positive but not significant in Peru. Pairwise fixation index was significant for all pairwise comparisons, indicating genetic differentiation among populations. These results suggest a evolutionary history of E. granulosus s. s. in which a genetic subgroup including EG01 was selected at the dawn of domestication, and then it was rapidly dispersed worldwide through the diffusion of stock raising. To approach the origin of the ancestral strain, extensive sampling is needed in many endemic regions. To evaluate the hypothetical evolutionary scenario, further study is needed to analyze specimens from diverse host species in wider regions. © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Yanagida, Tetsuya
Japan, Asahikawa
Asahikawa Medical University
Mohammadzadeh, Tahereh
Iran, Shiraz
School of Medicine
Kamhawi, Shaden A.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Nakao, Minoru
Japan, Asahikawa
Asahikawa Medical University
Sadjjadi, Seyed Mahmoud
Iran, Shiraz
School of Medicine
Hijjawi, N. S.
Jordan, Zarqa
Hashemite University
Abdel-Hafez, Sami K.
Jordan, Irbid
Yarmouk University
Sako, Yasuhito
Japan, Asahikawa
Asahikawa Medical University
Okamoto, Munehiro
Japan, Inuyama
Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research
Ito, Akira
Japan, Asahikawa
Asahikawa Medical University
Statistics
Citations: 131
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.parint.2012.05.014
ISSN:
13835769
e-ISSN:
18730329
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics