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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Determinants of anemia among pregnant women in Mali
Food and Nutrition Bulletin, Volume 27, No. 1, Year 2006
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Description
Background. Anemia in pregnancy remains a major problem in nearly all developing and many industrialized countries. In Mali, the subpopulation prevalence and etiology of anemia during pregnancy are largely unknown. Objective. To examine the prevalence and likely etiologies of anemia in pregnancy in a poor urban population in Bamako, Mali. Methods. Pregnant women (n = 190) were selected randomly. Hemoglobin, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity were measured; blood smears were examined for Plasmodium falciparum malaria; and single stool and urine samples were examined for Schistosoma haematobium and hookworm. Gynecologic examinations were performed and interviews conducted to qualitatively assess food consumption and other socioeconomic characteristics. Associations among mild, moderate, and severe anemia; iron and parasite status; erythrocyte sedimentation rates; and the presence of abnormal vaginal discharge were evaluated. Differences in hemoglobin and serum iron concentrations, total iron-binding capacity, and anemia were compared according to trimester of pregnancy and between infected and noninfected women. The relative and attributable risks of anemia were calculated, and adjusted odds ratios for anemia and low serum iron were estimated by multivariate logistic regression. Results. Of the 131 women for whom complete data were available, 47% had hemoglobin concentrations below 110g/L; 13% had serum iron concentrations below 12 μol/L; none had transferrin saturation values below 16%; 11%, 23%, and 8% harbored P. falciparum, S. haematobium, and hookworm, respectively; and 82% had an abnormal vaginal discharge. Food restrictions were reported by 45% of the women. Abnormal vaginal discharge correlated significantly with anemia (Pearson χ2 = 62.4; p <.01). Univariate and multivariate analyses found that infections were strongly associated with and predictive of anemia. Conclusions. Our data suggest that infections and food accessibility contribute to the high rates of anemia during pregnancy in Mali. © 2006, The United Nations University.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ag Ayoya, Mohamed
United States, Ithaca
Cornell University
Spiekermann-Brouwer, Gerburg Maria
United States, Ithaca
Cornell University
Traoré, Abdel Kader
Mali, Bamako
Ministry of Health
Stoltzfus, Rebecca Joyce
United States, Ithaca
Cornell University
Garza, Cutberto
United States, Chestnut Hill
Boston College
Statistics
Citations: 82
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1177/156482650602700101
ISSN:
03795721
Research Areas
Food Security
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Qualitative
Study Locations
Mali
Participants Gender
Female