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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Self-assembled multilayer graphene oxide membrane and carbon nanotubes synthesized using a rare form of natural graphite
Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Volume 117, No. 18, Year 2013
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Description
The fabrication of flexible multilayer graphene oxide (GO) membrane and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a rare form of high-purity natural graphite, vein graphite, is reported for the first time. Graphite oxide is synthesized using vein graphite following Hummer's method. By facilitating functionalized graphene sheets in graphite oxide to self-assemble, a multilayer GO membrane is fabricated. Electric arc discharge is used to synthesis CNTs from vein graphite. Both multilayer GO membrane and CNTs are investigated using microscopy and spectroscopy experiments, i.e., scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), core level photoelectron spectroscopy, and C K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS), to characterize their structural and topographical properties. Characterization of vein graphite using different techniques reveals that it has a large number of crystallites, hence the large number of graphene sheets per crystallite, preferentially oriented along the (002) plane. NEXAFS and core level spectra confirm that vein graphite is highly crystalline and pure. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and C 1s core level spectra show that oxygen functionalities (-C-OH, -CO,-C-O-C-) are introduced into the basal plane of graphite following chemical oxidation. Carbon nanotubes are produced from vein graphite through arc discharge without the use of any catalyst. HRTEM confirm that multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNTs) are produced with the presence of some structure in the central pipe. A small percentage of single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) are also produced simultaneously with MWNTs. Spectroscopic and microscopic data are further discussed here with a view to using vein graphite as the source material for the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials. © 2013 American Chemical Society.
Authors & Co-Authors
Bondino, Federica
Italy, Trieste
Laboratorio Nazionale Tasc
Magnano, Elena
Italy, Trieste
Laboratorio Nazionale Tasc
Kottegoda, Nilwala S.
Sri Lanka, Colombo
Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology
Carlino, Elvio
Italy, Trieste
Laboratorio Nazionale Tasc
Karunaratne, Veranja
Sri Lanka, Colombo
Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology
Amaratunga, G. A.J.
Sri Lanka, Colombo
Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology
United Kingdom, Cambridge
University of Cambridge
Statistics
Citations: 38
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1021/jp402428j
ISSN:
19327455
Research Areas
Environmental