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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Effect of cytomegalovirus infection on breastfeeding transmission of HIV and on the health of infants born to HIV-infected mothers
AIDS, Volume 29, No. 7, Year 2015
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Description
Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can be acquired in utero or postnatally through horizontal transmission and breastfeeding. The effect of postnatal CMV infection on postnatal HIV transmission is unknown. Methods: The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition study, conducted in Malawi, randomized 2369 mothers and their infants to three antiretroviral prophylaxis arms - mother (triple regimen), infant (nevirapine), or neither - for 28 weeks of breastfeeding, followed by weaning. Stored plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell specimens were available for 492 infants at 24 weeks and were tested with CMV PCR. Available samples from infants who were CMV PCR-positive at 24 weeks were also tested at birth (N = 242), and from infants PCR-negative at 24 weeks were tested at 48 weeks (N = 96). Cox proportional-hazards models were used to determine if CMV infection was associated with infant morbidity, mortality, or postnatal HIV acquisition. Results: At 24 weeks of age, CMV DNA was detected in 345/492 infants (70.1%); the estimated congenital CMV infection rate was 2.3%, and the estimated rate of CMV infection at 48 weeks was 78.5%. CMV infection at 24 weeks was associated with subsequent HIV acquisition through breastfeeding or infant death between 24 and 48 weeks of age (hazard ratio 4.27, P = 0.05). Conclusion: Most breastfed infants of HIV-infected mothers in this resource-limited setting are infected with CMV by 24 weeks of age. Early CMV infection may be a risk factor for subsequent infant HIV infection through breastfeeding, pointing to the need for comprehensive approaches in order to achieve elimination of breastfeeding transmission of HIV. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Chang, Tiffany S.
United States, Atlanta
Emory University School of Medicine
Wiener, Jeffrey B.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Dollard, Sheila C.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Amin, Minal M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ellington, Sascha R.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chasela, Charles S.
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kayira, Dumbani
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Tegha, Gerald L.
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kamwendo, Deborah D.
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Jamieson, Denise J.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
van der Horst, Charles
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Kourtis, Athena P.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Adair, Linda S.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ahmed, Yusuf I.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ait-Khaled, Mounir
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Albrecht, Sandra S.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bangdiwala, Shrikant I.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bayer, Ronald
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bentley, Margaret E.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bramson, Brian
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bobrow, Emily A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Boyle, Nicola
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Butera, Salvatore T.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chavula, Charity
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chimerang'Ambe, Joseph
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chigwenembe, Maggie
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chikasema, Maria
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chikhungu, Norah
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chilongozi, David A.T.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chiudzu, Grace
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Chome, Lenesi
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Cole, Anne
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Corbett, Amanda H.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Corneli, Amy L.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Dow, Annae
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Duerr, Ann C.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Eliya, Henry
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Eron, Joseph J.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Farr, Sherry L.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ferguson, Yvonne Owens
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Fiscus, Susan A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Flax, Valerie L.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Fokar, Ali
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Galvin, Shannon R.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Guay, Laura A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Heilig, Charles M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Hoffman, Irving F.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Hooten, Elizabeth Gerken
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Hosseinipour, Mina C.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Hudgens, Michael G.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Hurst, Stacy
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Hyde, Lisa
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Joaki, George R.F.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Jones, David
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Jordan-Bell, Elizabeth
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kacheche, Zebrone K.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kamanga, Esmie
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kamanga, Gift
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kampani, Coxcilly
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kamthunzi, Portia
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kanyama, Cecilia C.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kashuba, Angela D.M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kathyola, Damson D.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kazembe, Peter Nicholas
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
King, Caroline C.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Knight, Rodney J.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Krysiak, Robert G.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kumwenda, Jacob
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Lee, Hana
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Loeliger, Edde
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Long, Dustin M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Luhanga, Misheck Richard
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Madhlopa, Victor
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Majawa, Maganizo
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Maida, Alice
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Marcus, Cheryl J.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Martinson, Francis E.A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Thoofer, Navdeep K.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Matiki, Chrissie
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mayers, Douglas L.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mayuni, Isabel
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
McDonough, Marita D.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Meme, Joyce
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Merry, Concepta
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mita, Khama
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mkomawanthu, Chimwemwe
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mndala, Gertrude
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mndala, Ibrahim
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Moses, Agnes
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Msika, Albans
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Msungama, Wezi
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mtimuni, Beatrice M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Muita, Jane
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mumba, Noel
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Musis, Bonface
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mwansambo, Charles C.V.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mwapasa, Gerald
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Nkhoma, Jacqueline R.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Parker, Megan E.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Pendame, Richard B.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Piwoz, Ellen G.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Raines, Byron N.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ramdas, Zane
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ryan, Máirín A.A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Sanne, Ian M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Sellers, Christopher J.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Shugars, Diane C.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Sichali, Dorothy S.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Snowden, Wendy B.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Soko, Alice
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Spensley, Allison
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Steens, Jean Marc
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Tembo, Martin
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Thomas, Roshan
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Tien, Hsiaochuan
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Tohill, Beth Carlton
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
van der Horst, Charles Michael
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Waalberg, Esther
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Widen, Elizabeth Marie
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Wilfert, Catherine M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Wiyo, Patricia
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Zimba, Chifundo Colleta
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Statistics
Citations: 24
Authors: 122
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0000000000000617
ISSN:
02699370
Research Areas
Environmental
Food Security
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Locations
Malawi