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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Genotypic analysis of two hypervariable human cytomegalovirus genes
Journal of Medical Virology, Volume 80, No. 9, Year 2008
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Description
Most human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genes are highly conserved in sequence among strains, but some exhibit a substantial degree of variation. Two of these genes are UL146, which encodes a CXC chemokine, and UL139, which is predicted to encode a membrane glycoprotein. The sequences of these genes were determined from a collection of 184 HCMV samples obtained from Africa, Australia, Asia, Europe, and North America. UL146 is hypervariable throughout, whereas variation in UL139 is concentrated in a sequence encoding a potentially highly glycosylated region. The UL146 sequences fell into 14 genotypes, as did all previously reported sequences. The UL139 sequences grouped into 8 genotypes, and all previously reported sequences fell into a subset of these. There were minor differences among continents in genotypic frequencies for UL146 and UL139, but no clear geographical separation, and identical nucleotide sequences were represented among communities distant from each other. The frequent detection of multiple genotypes indicated that mixed infections are common. For both genes, the degree of divergence was sufficient to preclude reliable sequence alignments between genotypes in the most variable regions, and the mode of evolution involved in generating the genotypes could not be discerned. Within genotypes, constraint appears to have been the predominant mode, and positive selection was detected marginally at best. No evidence was found for linkage disequilibrium. The emerging scenario is that the HCMV genotypes developed in early human populations (or even earlier), becoming established via founder or bottleneck effects, and have spread, recombined and mixed worldwide in more recent times. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Bradley, Amanda J.
United Kingdom, Glasgow
University of Glasgow
Kovács, Ida J.
Hungary, Szeged
Szegedi Tudományegyetem Szte
Gatherer, Derek
United Kingdom, Glasgow
University of Glasgow
Dargan, Derrick J.
United Kingdom, Glasgow
University of Glasgow
Alkharsah, Khaled R.
Germany, Hannover
Hannover Medical School
Chan, Kay Sheung Paul
Hong Kong
Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong
Carman, William F.
United Kingdom, Glasgow
Gartnavel General Hospital
Dedicoat, Martin John
South Africa, Empangeni
Ngwelezana Hospital
Emery, Vince
United Kingdom, London
Ucl Medical School
Geddes, Colin C.
United Kingdom, Glasgow
Western Infirmary
Gerna, Giuseppe
Italy, Pavia
Fondazione Irccs Policlinico San Matteo
Ben-Ismaeil, Bassam
United Kingdom, Glasgow
Gartnavel General Hospital
Kaye, Steve
Gambia, Banjul
Medical Research Council Laboratories Gambia
McGregor, Alistair
United States, Minneapolis
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Moss, Paul A.H.
United Kingdom, Birmingham
University of Birmingham
Pusztai, Rozalia
Hungary, Szeged
Szegedi Tudományegyetem Szte
Rawlinson, William D.
Australia, Sydney
Prince of Wales Hospital
Scott, Gillian M.
Australia, Sydney
Prince of Wales Hospital
Wilkinson, Gavin W.G.
United Kingdom, Cardiff
Cardiff University
Schulz, Thomas Friedrich
Germany, Hannover
Hannover Medical School
Davison, Andrew J.
United Kingdom, Glasgow
University of Glasgow
Statistics
Citations: 64
Authors: 21
Affiliations: 14
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/jmv.21241
ISSN:
01466615
e-ISSN:
10969071