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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Renal stone disease and obesity: What is important for urologists and nephrologists?
Renal Failure, Volume 34, No. 10, Year 2012
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Description
Currently, obesity has reached an epidemic stage and represents a challenge for health authorities across the globe. Certainly, with emergence of obesity epidemic, we started to see an increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and nephrolithiasis. Interestingly, epidemiologic studies have shown that the incident stone risk increases with body mass index (BMI), and no further increase in risk is noticed when the BMI > 30 kg/m2. Furthermore, metabolic syndrome and diabetes are also associated with an increase in the incidence of renal stones disease. The shared links between these metabolic disorders are insulin resistance. Furthermore, insulin resistance is thought to alter renal acidbase metabolism, resulting in a lower urine pH and increased risk of uric acid stone disease. Obesity is also associated with excess nutritional intake of lithogenic substances such as refined sugars, low fluid intake, calcium, oxalate, and purine-rich foods. Obesity is also associated with an increase in incidence of urinary tract infection. Recent reports suggested that renal stone disease carries risk of myocardial infarction, progression of CKD, and diabetes. Alarmingly, orlistat (obesity medication) and bariatric surgery are associated with hyperoxaluria and associated stone formation and even oxalate nephropathy. Certainly, the many health risks of obesity, including nephrolithiasis, will add more burden on urologists and nephrologists. Shockwave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and ureteroscopy are all safe procedures in obese individuals. Further research is urgently needed to address the pathophysiology and management of obesity-induced renal stones disease. © 2012 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ahmed, Mohamed Hassan
United Kingdom, Slough
Wexham Park Hospital
Ahmed, Hassan T.
Sudan, Khartoum
University of Khartoum Faculty of Medicine
Khalil, Atif A.
United Kingdom, Liverpool
Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Statistics
Citations: 34
Authors: 3
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.3109/0886022X.2012.723777
ISSN:
0886022X
e-ISSN:
15256049
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study