Antiproliferative and erythroid differentiation of piperazine and triphenyl derivatives against K-562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia

Five piperazine derivatives (S)-4-benzyl-1-(4- bromo-3-methylphenyl)-2 methylpiperazine (A), (S)-1-benzyl- 3-isobutylpiperazine-2,5-dione (B), (S)-1-benzyl-3 methylpiperazine- 2,5-dione (C), (S)-1,3-dibenzylpiperazine-2,5- dione (D), (E)-1-(3-methyl 4-((E)-3-(2-methylpropylidene) piperazin- 1-yl) phenyl)-2-(2 methylpropylidene) piperazine (E) and triphenyl derivative ammonium 2-((2,3',3''-trimethyl- [1,1':4',1''-terphenyl]-4 yl)oxy)acetate (F) were tested for inhibition of K-562 cell proliferation and for induction of erythroid differentiation. Among them, two piperazine and one triphenyl derivatives, compounds A, E, and F inhibited the proliferation of the K562 cell lines exhibiting inhibition concentration 50 (IC50) (IC50) of values 30.10±1.6, 4.60±0.4 and 25.70±1.10 μg ml-1, respectively. If compound A and F were added to suboptimal concentrations of the established anticancer drugs cytosine arabinoside or mithramycin, pronounced synergic effects were observed.