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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Factors associated with hemoglobin concentrations in pre-school children in western Kenya: Cross-sectional studies
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 72, No. 1, Year 2005
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Description
In sub-Saharan Africa, the etiology of anemia in early childhood is complex and multifactorial. Three community-based cross-sectional surveys were used to determine the prevalence and severity of anemia. Regression methods were used to compare mean hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations across covariate levels to identify children at risk of low Hb levels in an area with intense malaria transmission. In a random sample of 2,774 children < 36 months old, the prevalence of anemia (Hb < 11g/dL) was 76.1% and 71%, respectively, in villages without and with insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs); severe-moderate anemia (Hb < 7 g/dL) was observed in 11% (non-ITN) and 8.3% (ITN). The prevalence of anemia, high-density malaria parasitemia (21.7%), microcytosis (34.9%), underweight (21.9%), and diarrhea (54.8%) increased rapidly from age three months onwards and remained high until 35 months of age. Multivariate analyses showed that family size, history of fever, pale body, general body weakness, diarrhea, soil-eating, concurrent fever, stunting, and malaria parasitemia were associated with mean Hb levels. Prevention of severe anemia should start early in infancy and include a combination of micronutrient supplementation, malaria control, and possibly interventions against diarrheal illness. Copyright © 2005 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Desai, Meghna R.
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Infectious Diseases
Terlouw, Dianne Janette
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
Kwena, Arthur M.
Kenya, Eldoret
Moi University
Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Infectious Diseases
Kariuki, Simon K.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Infectious Diseases
Odhacha, Amos M.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Hawley, William A.
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Infectious Diseases
Shi, Yaping
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Nahlen, Bernard L.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
ter Kuile, Feiko O.
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Infectious Diseases
Statistics
Citations: 68
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.4269/ajtmh.2005.72.47
ISSN:
00029637
Research Areas
Food Security
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Kenya