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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Is chloroquine chemoprophylaxis still effective to prevent low birth weight? Results of a study in Benin
Malaria Journal, Volume 6, Article 27, Year 2007
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Description
Background. In areas of stable transmission, malaria during pregnancy is associated with severe maternal and foetal outcomes, especially low birth weight (LBW). To prevent these complications, weekly chloroquine (CQ) chemoprophylaxis is now being replaced by intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in West Africa. The prevalence of placental malaria and its burden on LBW were assessed in Benin to evaluate the efficacy of weekly CQ chemoprophylaxis, prior to its replacement by intermittent preventive treatment. Methods. In two maternity clinics in Ouidah, an observational study was conducted between April 2004 and April 2005. At each delivery, placental blood smears were examined for malaria infection and women were interviewed on their pregnancy history including CQ intake and dosage. CQ was measured in the urine of a sub-sample (n = 166). Multiple logistic and linear regression were used to assess factors associated with LBW and placental malaria. Results. Among 1090 singleton live births, prevalence of placental malaria and LBW were 16% and 17% respectively. After adjustment, there was a non-significant association between placental malaria and LBW (adjusted OR = 1.43; P = 0.10). Multiple linear regression showed a positive association between placental malaria and decreased birth weight in primigravidae. More than 98% of the women reported regular chemoprophylaxis and CQ was detectable in 99% of urine samples. Protection from LBW was high in women reporting regular CQ prophylaxis, with a strong duration-effect relationship (test for linear trend: P < 0,001). Conclusion. Despite high parasite resistance and limited effect on placental malaria, a CQ chemoprophylaxis taken at adequate doses showed to be still effective in reducing LBW in Benin. © 2007 Denoeud et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Denoeud-Ndam, Lise
France, Marseille
Ird Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement
Fievét, Nadine
France, Marseille
Ird Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement
Aubouy, Agnès
France, Marseille
Ird Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement
Ayemonna, Paul
Benin
Hôpital de Zone
Kiniffo, Richard
Benin
Hôpital de Zone
Massougbodji, Achille
Benin, Cotonou
Faculté Des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou
Cot, Michel
France, Marseille
Ird Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement
Statistics
Citations: 23
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1475-2875-6-27
e-ISSN:
14752875
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Multi-countries
Benin
Participants Gender
Female