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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
earth and planetary sciences
The Atacama cosmology telescope: ACT-CL J0102-4915 "el Gordo," A massive merging cluster at redshift 0.87
Astrophysical Journal, Volume 748, No. 1, Article 7, Year 2012
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Description
We present a detailed analysis from new multi-wavelength observations of the exceptional galaxy cluster ACT-CLJ0102-4915, likely the most massive, hottest, most X-ray luminous and brightest Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect cluster known at redshifts greater than 0.6. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) collaboration discovered ACT-CLJ0102-4915 as the most significant SZ decrement in a sky survey area of 755deg2. Our Very Large Telescope (VLT)/FORS2 spectra of 89 member galaxies yield a cluster redshift, z = 0.870, and velocity dispersion, σgal = 1321 106kms-1. Our Chandra observations reveal a hot and X-ray luminous system with an integrated temperature of T X = 14.5 0.1keV and 0.5-2.0keV band luminosity of L X = (2.19 ± 0.11) × 1045 h -270ergs-1. We obtain several statistically consistent cluster mass estimates; using empirical mass scaling relations with velocity dispersion, X-ray Y X, and integrated SZ distortion, we estimate a cluster mass of M 200a = (2.16 ± 0.32) × 1015 h -170 M ⊙. We constrain the stellar content of the cluster to be less than 1% of the total mass, using Spitzer IRAC and optical imaging. The Chandra and VLT/FORS2 optical data also reveal that ACT-CLJ0102-4915 is undergoing a major merger between components with a mass ratio of approximately 2 to 1. The X-ray data show significant temperature variations from a low of 6.6 0.7keV at the merging low-entropy, high-metallicity, cool core to a high of 22 6keV. We also see a wake in the X-ray surface brightness and deprojected gas density caused by the passage of one cluster through the other. Archival radio data at 843MHz reveal diffuse radio emission that, if associated with the cluster, indicates the presence of an intense double radio relic, hosted by the highest redshift cluster yet. ACT-CLJ0102-4915 is possibly a high-redshift analog of the famous Bullet cluster. Such a massive cluster at this redshift is rare, although consistent with the standard ΛCDM cosmology in the lower part of its allowed mass range. Massive, high-redshift mergers like ACT-CLJ0102-4915 are unlikely to be reproduced in the current generation of numerical N-body cosmological simulations. © 2012 The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Menanteau, Felipe
United States, New Brunswick
Rutgers University–new Brunswick
Hughes, John P.
United States, New Brunswick
Rutgers University–new Brunswick
Sifón, Cristóbal
Chile, Santiago
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Hilton, Matt
United Kingdom, Nottingham
University of Nottingham
González, Jorge Nuevo
Chile, Santiago
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Infante, Leopoldo
Chile, Santiago
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Felipe Barrientos, L.
Chile, Santiago
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Bond, J. Richard
Canada, Toronto
L’institut Canadien D’astrophysique Théorique
Das, Sudeep
United States, Berkeley
University of California, Berkeley
United States, Princeton
Princeton University
Devlin, Mark J.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Dunkley, Joanna
United Kingdom, Oxford
University of Oxford
Hajian, Amir
Canada, Toronto
L’institut Canadien D’astrophysique Théorique
Hincks, Adam D.
United States, Princeton
Princeton University
Kosowsky, Arthur B.
United States, Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh
Marsden, Danica W.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Marriage, Tobias A.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Moodley, Kavilan
South Africa, Durban
University of Kwazulu-natal
Niemack, Michael D.
United States, Gaithersburg
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Nolta, Michael R.
Canada, Toronto
L’institut Canadien D’astrophysique Théorique
Page, Lyman A.
United States, Princeton
Princeton University
Reese, Erik D.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Sehgal, Neelima
United States, Palo Alto
Stanford University
Sievers, Jonathan L.
Canada, Toronto
L’institut Canadien D’astrophysique Théorique
Spergel, David N.
United States, Princeton
Princeton University
Staggs, Suzanne T.
United States, Princeton
Princeton University
Wollack, Edward J.
United States, Greenbelt
Nasa Goddard Space Flight Center
Statistics
Citations: 145
Authors: 26
Affiliations: 14
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1088/0004-637X/748/1/7
ISSN:
0004637X
e-ISSN:
15384357
Research Areas
Environmental
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative