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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Parental origin of the extra chromosome in trisomy 21 as indicated by analysis of DNA polymorphisms
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 324, No. 13, Year 1991
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Description
Background. Over the past 20 years, the parental origin of the extra chromosome in children with trisomy 21 has been investigated with cytogenetic methods of identifying morphologic variations in chromosome 21. These studies have concluded that the origin of the extra chromosome 21 was maternal in approximately 80 percent of cases and paternal in about 20 percent. Methods. We studied 200 families, each with a single child with trisomy 21, using DNA polymorphisms as markers to determine the parental origin of the nondisjunction causing the extra chromosome 21. These polymorphisms spanned a region of about 120 centimorgans on the long arm of chromosome 21, from the D21S13 locus (the most centromeric) to the COL6A1 gene (the most telomeric). Results. The parental origin of nondisjunction could be determined for all but 7 of the 200 children. It was maternal in 184 children (proportion [±SE], 95.3±1.5 percent) and paternal in 9 (4.7±1.5 percent). In a subgroup of 31 families, we compared the results of DNA analysis with those of traditional cytogenetic analysis. According to the cytogenetic analyses, nondisjunction originated in the mother in 26 cases (84 percent) and in the father in 5 (16 percent). DNA analysis demonstrated the origin as maternal in 29 (94 percent) and paternal in 2 (6 percent). With the cytogenetic analyses, there were three false determinations of paternal origin. Conclusions. In trisomy 21 the extra chromosome 21 is maternal in origin in about 95 percent of the cases, and paternal in only about 5 percent — considerably less than has been reported with cytogenetic methods. DNA polymorphic analysis is now the method of choice for establishing the parental origin of nondisjunction. (N Engl J Med 1991; 324:872–6.). © 1991, Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Antonarakis, Stylianos E.
Unknown Affiliation
Antonarakis,
Unknown Affiliation
Lewis, John G.
Unknown Affiliation
Adelsberger, Patricia A.
Unknown Affiliation
Petersen, Michael Bjørn
Unknown Affiliation
Schinzel, Albert
Unknown Affiliation
Binkert, Franz
Unknown Affiliation
Schmid, Werner
Unknown Affiliation
Pangalos, Constantine
Unknown Affiliation
Raoul, Odile
Unknown Affiliation
Chakravarti, Aravinda
Unknown Affiliation
Hafez, Mohamed M.
Unknown Affiliation
Cohen, Maimon M.
Unknown Affiliation
Roulston, Diane
Unknown Affiliation
Schwartz, Stuart M.
Unknown Affiliation
Mikkelsen, M.
Unknown Affiliation
Tranebjaerg, Lisbeth
Unknown Affiliation
Greenberg, Frank
Unknown Affiliation
Hoar, David I.
Unknown Affiliation
Rudd, Noreen L.
Unknown Affiliation
Warren, Andrew C.
Unknown Affiliation
Metaxotou, Caterina
Unknown Affiliation
Bartsocas, Christos
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 267
Authors: 23
Affiliations: 13
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1056/NEJM199103283241302
ISSN:
00284793
e-ISSN:
15334406
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Maternal And Child Health