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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
A cluster-randomized trial of enhanced labor ward-based PMTCT services to increase nevirapine coverage in Lusaka, Zambia
AIDS, Volume 24, No. 3, Year 2010
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Description
Objective: Determine whether enhanced labor ward-based services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) would improve nevirapine (NVP) coverage. Design: Cluster-randomized trial at 12 public-sector delivery centers in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods: Following a baseline surveillance period, 12 labor wards were randomized, six to offer opt-in HIV testing to women of unknown serostatus (with NVP administration as indicated) and to assess NVP adherence among known HIV-infected women. The six control labor wards provided the standard of care. The NVP coverage endpoint was defined as the proportion of HIV-infected/exposed women/infant pairs with confirmed NVP ingestion. We used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to determine the odds of coverage associated with the intervention and ultimately used the parameters for the estimated GEE model to estimate relative risk. Results: Between October 2005 and January 2006, 7664 women gave birth at participating clinics. We collected anonymous-linked blood from 7592 (99%) umbilical cords; tested 7438 (97%) for HIV, 1618 (22%) were seropositive, and of these, 1279 (79%) were tested for NVP. At baseline (preintervention), the probability of HIV-infected/exposed women/infant pairs receiving NVP in treatment clinics (42%) was 0.89 times the probability of being covered in control clinics (53%) whereas during the intervention period the probability of treatment clinic coverage (52%) was 1.22 the probability control clinic coverage (43%), representing a multiplicative effect of 1.37 upon the RR at baseline (ratio of relative risks 1.37, bootstrapped 95% CI, 1.04-1.77). Conclusion: Labor ward-based PMTCT programs are feasible and can have a significant, positive impact on NVP coverage. © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Authors & Co-Authors
Megazzini, Karen M.
United States, Birmingham
The University of Alabama at Birmingham
Zambia, Lusaka
Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
United States, Rockville
Westat, Inc.
Sinkala, Moses M.
Zambia, Lusaka
Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
Zambia, Lusaka
Catholic Medical Mission Board
Vermund, Sten Havlor
Zambia, Lusaka
Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
United States, Nashville
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Redden, David T.
United States, Birmingham
The University of Alabama at Birmingham
Krebs, Daniel W.
Zambia, Lusaka
Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
Acosta, Edward P.
United States, Birmingham
The University of Alabama at Birmingham
Mwanza, Joyce
Zambia, Lusaka
Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
Goldenberg, Robert L.
United States, Philadelphia
Drexel University College of Medicine
Chintu, Namwinga T.
Zambia, Lusaka
Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
Bulterys, Marc G.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Stringer, Jeffrey S.A.
United States, Birmingham
The University of Alabama at Birmingham
Zambia, Lusaka
Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Statistics
Citations: 25
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0b013e328334b285
e-ISSN:
14735571
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Study Locations
Zambia
Participants Gender
Female