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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Antifungal susceptibility and mutations in the squalene epoxidase gene in dermatophytes of the trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 65, No. 8, Article e00056-21, Year 2021
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Description
During the past decade, a prolonged and serious outbreak of dermatophytosis due to a terbinafine-resistant novel species in the Trichophyton mentagrophytes-T. interdigitale complex has been ongoing in India, and it has spread to several European countries. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular background of the squalene epoxidase (SQLE) gene in order to understand the risk of emergence and spread of multiresistance in dermatophytes. Antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole, griseofulvin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, naftifine, sertaconazole, and terbinafine was tested in 135 isolates from India, China, Australia, Germany, and The Netherlands. Based on the latest taxonomic insights, strains were identified as three species: T. mentagrophytes sensu stricto (n=35), T. indotineae (n=64, representing the Indian clone), and T. interdigitale sensu stricto (n=36). High MICs of terbinafine (.16mg/liter) were found in 34 (53%) T. indotineae isolates. These isolates showed an amino acid substitution in the 397th position of the SQLE gene. Elevated MICs of terbinafine (0.5mg/liter) were noted in 2 (3%) T. indotineae isolates; these isolates lead to Phe415Val and Leu393Ser of the SQLE gene. The stability of the effect of the mutations was proven by serial transfer on drug-free medium. Lys276Asn and Leu419Phe substitutions were found in susceptible T. mentagrophytes strains. The Phe377Leu/Ala448Thr double mutant showed higher MIC values for triazoles. High MICs of terbinafine are as yet limited to T. indotineae and are unlikely to be distributed throughout the T. mentagrophytes species complex by genetic exchange. Copyright © 2021 Kong et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
Authors & Co-Authors
Singh, Ashutosh
India, New Delhi
University of Delhi
Ahmed, Sarah A.
Netherlands, Nijmegen
Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis
Al-Hatmi, Abdullah M.S.
Netherlands, Nijmegen
Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis
Oman, Nizwa
University of Nizwa
Chowdhary, Anuradha K.
India, New Delhi
University of Delhi
Nenoff, Pietro
Germany, Mölbis
Laboratory for Medical Microbiology
Gráser, Yvonne
Germany, Berlin
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Meis, Jacques F.
Netherlands, Nijmegen
Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis
Verweij, Paul E.
Netherlands, Nijmegen
Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis
de Hoog, Gerrits Sybren
China, Beijing
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Netherlands, Nijmegen
Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis
Statistics
Citations: 39
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1128/AAC.00056-21
ISSN:
00664804
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Health System And Policy