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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
general
Gravity of human impacts mediates coral reef conservation gains
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Volume 115, No. 27, Year 2018
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Description
Coral reefs provide ecosystem goods and services for millions of people in the tropics, but reef conditions are declining worldwide. Effective solutions to the crisis facing coral reefs depend in part on understanding the context under which different types of conservation benefits can be maximized. Our global analysis of nearly 1,800 tropical reefs reveals how the intensity of human impacts in the surrounding seascape, measured as a function of human population size and accessibility to reefs (“gravity”), diminishes the effectiveness of marine reserves at sustaining reef fish biomass and the presence of top predators, even where compliance with reserve rules is high. Critically, fish biomass in high-compliance marine reserves located where human impacts were intensive tended to be less than a quarter that of reserves where human impacts were low. Similarly, the probability of encountering top predators on reefs with high human impacts was close to zero, even in high-compliance marine reserves. However, we find that the relative difference between openly fished sites and reserves (what we refer to as conservation gains) are highest for fish biomass (excluding predators) where human impacts are moderate and for top predators where human impacts are low. Our results illustrate critical ecological trade-offs in meeting key conservation objectives: reserves placed where there are moderate-to-high human impacts can provide substantial conservation gains for fish biomass, yet they are unlikely to support key ecosystem functions like higher-order predation, which is more prevalent in reserve locations with low human impacts. © 2018 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC6142230/bin/pnas.1708001115.sapp.pdf
Authors & Co-Authors
Cinner, Joshua E.
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
Maire, Eva
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
France, Sete
Marbec Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation
Huchery, Cindy
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
MacNeil, M. Aaron
Australia, Townsville
Australian Institute of Marine Science
Canada, Halifax
Dalhousie University
Graham, Nicholas Anthony James
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
United Kingdom, Lancaster
Lancaster University
Mora, Camilo
United States, Honolulu
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
McClanahan, Tim R.
United States, New York
Wildlife Conservation Society
Barnes, Michele L.
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
United States, Honolulu
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
Kittinger, John N.
United States, Honolulu
Center for Oceans
United States, Tempe
Arizona State University
Hicks, Christina C.
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
United Kingdom, Lancaster
Lancaster University
D'agata, Stéphanie
France, Sete
Marbec Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation
United States, New York
Wildlife Conservation Society
New Caledonia, Noumea
Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement Noumea
Hoey, Andrew S.
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
Gurney, Georgina G.
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
Feary, David A.
United Kingdom, Nottingham
University of Nottingham
Williams, Ivor D.
United States, Honolulu
Noaa Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Kulbicki, Michel L.
France, Perpignan
Labex Corail
Vigliola, Laurent
New Caledonia, Noumea
Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement Noumea
Wantiez, L.
New Caledonia, Noumea
Universite de la Nouvelle-caledonie
Edgar, Graham J.
Australia, Hobart
University of Tasmania
Stuart-Smith, Rick D.
Australia, Hobart
University of Tasmania
Sandin, Stuart Adrian
United States, La Jolla
University of California, San Diego
Green, Alison L.
United States, Arlington
Nature Conservancy
Beger, M.
United Kingdom, Leeds
University of Leeds
Friedlander, Alan Marc
United States, Honolulu
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
United States, Washington, D.c.
National Geographic Society
Wilson, Shaun K.
Australia, Perth
The University of Western Australia
Brooks, Andrew J.
United States, Santa Barbara
University of California, Santa Barbara
Cruz-Motta, Juan José
Puerto Rico, San Juan
Universidad de Puerto Rico
Booth, David J.
Australia, Sydney
University of Technology Sydney
Chabanet, Pascale
France, Perpignan
Labex Corail
Gough, Charlotte L.A.
United Kingdom, London
Blue Ventures Conservation
Tupper, Mark H.
Trinidad and Tobago
University of Trinidad and Tobago
Ferse, Sebastian C.A.
Germany, Bremen
Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Research
Sumaila, Ussif Rashid
Canada, Vancouver
The University of British Columbia
Pardede, Shinta Trilestari
United States, New York
Wildlife Conservation Society
Mouillot, David
Australia, Townsville
Arc Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
France, Sete
Marbec Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation
Statistics
Citations: 164
Authors: 35
Affiliations: 28
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1073/pnas.1708001115
ISSN:
00278424
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study