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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
HIV-1 Infection in infants severely impairs the immune response induced by bacille calmette-guérin vaccine
Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 199, No. 7, Year 2009
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Description
Background. Worldwide, most infants born to mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receive bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Tuberculosis is a major cause of death among infants infected with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, and it should be prevented. However, BCG may itself cause disease (known as "BCGosis") in these infants. Information regarding the immunogenicity of BCG is imperative for the risk/benefit assessment of BCG vaccination in HIV-infected infants; however, no such data exist. Methods. We compared BCG-induced CD4 and CD8 T cell responses, as assessed by flow cytometry, in HIVinfected (n =20), HIV-exposed but uninfected (n = 25), and HIV-unexposed (n= 23) infants, during their first year of life. Results. BCG vaccination of the 2 HIV-uninfected groups induced a robust response, which was characterized by CD4 T cells expressing interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and/or interleukin (IL)-2. In contrast, HIV-infected infants demonstrated a markedly lower response throughout the first year of life. These infants also had significantly reduced numbers of polyfunctional CD4 T cells coexpressing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, a finding that is thought to indicate T cell quality. Conclusions. Infection with HIV severely impairs the BCG-specific T cell response during the first year of life. BCG may therefore provide little, if any, vaccine-induced benefit in HIV-infected infants. Considering the significant risk of BCGosis, these data strongly support not giving BCG to HIV-infected infants. © 2009 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
Authors & Co-Authors
Mansoor, Nazma
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Scriba, Thomas J.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
de Kock, Marwou
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Tameris, Michele D.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Abel, Brian
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Keyser, Alana T.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Little, Francesca
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Soares, Andreia P.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Gelderbloem, Sebastian J.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Mlenjeni, Silvia
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Denation, Lea
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Hawkridge, Anthony J.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
United States, Cape Town
Aeras Global Tuberculosis Vaccine Foundation
Boom, W. Henry
United States, Cleveland
Case Western Reserve University
Kaplan, Gilla
United States, Newark
Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences
Hussey, Greg Dudley
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Hanekom, Willem Albert
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Statistics
Citations: 88
Authors: 16
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1086/597304
ISSN:
00221899
Research Areas
Cancer
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health