Skip to content
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Urban Rwanda: Demographic and Behavioral Correlates in a Representative Sample of Childbearing Women
JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 266, No. 12, Year 1991
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Description
Objective.—To determine behavioral and demographic risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in central Africa. Design.—Cross-sectional survey. Setting.—Kigali, Rwanda. Participants.—A representative sample of 1458 childbearing women aged 19 to 37 years who were recruited from outpatient prenatal and pediatric clinics at the only community hospital in the city. Main Outcome Measure.—Antibodies to HIV assessed by enzyme immunoassay and confirmed by Western blot or indirect immunofluorescence. Results.—The HIV seroprevalence was 32% overall. Infection rates were higher in women who were single, in those in steady relationships that began after 1981, and in the 33% of women reporting more than one lifetime sexual partner. Women in legal marriages or monogamous partnerships had lower rates of infection, but even low-risk women had prevalences on the order of 20%. History of venereal disease in the past 5 years, although the strongest risk factor in a multiple logistic analysis (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.0 to 3.7), was reported by only 30% of those infected. Having a male sexual partner who drank alcohol or who had higher income were significant risk factors for HIV infection in the multivariate analysis, but use of oral contraceptives and having an uncircumcised partner were not. Conclusions.—The epidemic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Rwanda has spread beyond high-risk groups to the general population of women without known risk factors. For most of these women, a steady male partner is the source of their HIV risk and therefore a vital target for intervention efforts. © 1991, American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Allen, Susan A.
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
United States, San Francisco
Ucsf Center for Aids Prevention Studies
Lindan, Christina P.
United States, San Francisco
Ucsf Center for Aids Prevention Studies
Serufilira, Antoine
Rwanda, Kigali
Projet San Francisco
van de Perre, Philippe
Rwanda, Kigali
Ministry of Health
Rundle, Amy Chen
United States, San Francisco
Ucsf Center for Aids Prevention Studies
Nsengumuremyi, François
Rwanda, Kigali
Projet San Francisco
Caraël, Michel
Switzerland, Geneva
Unaids
Schwalbe, Joan
United States, San Francisco
Ucsf Center for Aids Prevention Studies
Hulley, Stephen Benjamin
United States, San Francisco
Ucsf Center for Aids Prevention Studies
Statistics
Citations: 162
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1001/jama.1991.03470120059033
ISSN:
00987484
e-ISSN:
15383598
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Substance Abuse
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study
Case-Control Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Rwanda
Participants Gender
Male
Female