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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
The timing of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus infection and the neurodevelopment of children in Tanzania
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Volume 25, No. 1, Year 2006
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Description
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between the timing of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and neurodevelopment among children born to HIV-1 infected mothers in Tanzania. METHODS: Bayley Scales of Infant Development (2nd edition) were administered at 6, 12 and 18 months to a subset of children (N = 327). Linear regression models and Cox proportional hazard models were separately fitted for the mental development index (MDI) and the psychomotor development index (PDI). RESULTS: Children who tested HIV-1-positive at birth had significantly higher decreases per month in MDI and PDI than HIV-1-negative children; 1.1 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.4, 1.8] for MDI and 1.4 (95% CI 0.0, 2.7] for PDI. Children who tested HIV-1-positive after birth had an additional 0.6 (95% CI 0.1, 1.1) point decrease in MDI per month and a 0.6 (95% CI 0.0, 1.1) higher decrease in PDI each month than HIV-1-negative children. Testing HIV-1-positive at birth was associated with a 14.9 (95% CI 5.0, 44.7) times higher rate of becoming developmentally delayed in mental function, while testing HIV-1-positive after birth was associated with a 3.2 (95% CI 1.6, 6.4) times higher rate than in uninfected children. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-1 infected infants performed worse on tests of neurodevelopment and were significantly more likely to be identified as developmentally delayed in the first 18 months of life than HIV-1-negative children. The effect of HIV-1 infection on neurodevelopment scores and the risk of developmental delay may be highest among those who are already HIV-1 infected at birth. Copyright © 2005 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Authors & Co-Authors
McGrath, Nuala M.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Fawzi, Wafaie W.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Bellinger, David C.
United States, Boston
Boston Children's Hospital
Robins, James M.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Msamanga, Gernard I.
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Manji, Karim Premji
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Tronick, Edward
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Statistics
Citations: 51
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/01.inf.0000195638.80578.e0
ISSN:
08913668
Research Areas
Environmental
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Locations
Tanzania