Fermented papaya preparation modulates the progression of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Balb/c mice

Aim and main method The medicinal properties of fermented papaya preparation (FPP) derived from Carica papaya fruit was investigated in order to determine its ability to modulate the progression of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Balb/c mice. Key findings As well as reducing the physical symptoms associated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma, supplementation of Balb/c mice with 500 mg FPP/kg BW for 92 days normalized the blood cell count, led to an increased activity of several key antioxidant enzymes (SOD: + 20%, CAT: + 81%, GPx: + 66.1%, GR: + 54.4%; P < 0.001 vs. MNU control), increased the ferrous reducing antioxidant potential (+ 36.7%, P < 0.001 vs. MNU control) and reduced the extent of lipid peroxidation in the liver by 44.3% (P < 0.001 vs. MNU control). Significance Results demonstrated the ability of FPP to preserve the integrity of liver against oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against irreversible DNA structural modifications induced by MNU, highlighting its potential role as an immune-defense modulator during hepatocarcinoma.