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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Characterization of large mumps outbreak among vaccinated palestinian refugees
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Volume 47, No. 3, Year 2009
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Description
During a large mumps virus (MuV) outbreak which occurred in the Palestinian refugee camps of the West Bank, 68.1% (2,636/3,871) of the cases were vaccinated with one dose of trivalent measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. Attack rates by camp ranged from less than 1 case per 1,000 people in the population to 43/1,000 (overall, 11/1,000). The outbreak lasted from December 2003 to June 2005, with two peaks, one from April to May 2004 and the other from March to April 2005. To control the outbreak, a mass MMR vaccination campaign was conducted in May 2005. Evaluation of the immune status of cases (n = 59) and healthy controls (n = 51) revealed high levels of mumps immunoglobulin G (IgG) and a low MuV-specific IgM in clinical cases indicative of a booster immune response. This suggested a secondary rather than a primary infection due to the insufficient protection conferred by the single vaccine dose included in the vaccination program. This prediction was further confirmed by the low seroprevalence (68.6%) found in the healthy control group, which was below the threshold level required for MuV herd immunity. Mumps diagnosis was established mainly by reverse transcription-PCR in clinical samples obtained within 48 h from the onset of disease. Of the parotid fluids and nasopharyngeal aspirates analyzed, 92% were positive for MuV RNA, while only 33% of the urine samples were positive. Phylogenetic analysis of the MuV SH gene identified the outbreak strain as the H genotype, which has been in circulation worldwide at least since 1989. Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Hindiyeh, Musa Y.
Israel, Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Aboudy, Yair
Israel, Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Wohoush, Mahmoud
Global
Unrwa
Shulman, Lester M.
Israel, Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Israel, Tel Aviv-yafo
Tel Aviv University
Ram, Daniela
Israel, Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Levin, Tal
Israel, Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Frank, Tamar
Israel, Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Riccardo, Flavia
Jordan, Amman
Unrwa
Khalili, Mohamad
Global
Unrwa
Sawalha, Elias Shlash
Global
Unrwa
Obeidi, Maysoun
Global
Unrwa
Sabatinelli, Guido
Jordan, Amman
Unrwa
Grossman, Zehava
Israel, Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Israel, Tel Aviv-yafo
Tel Aviv University
Mendelson, Ella S.
Israel, Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Israel, Ramat Gan
Bar-ilan University
Statistics
Citations: 34
Authors: 14
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1128/JCM.01756-08
ISSN:
00951137
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study