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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Antiretroviral therapy improves cognitive impairment in HIV+ individuals in sub-Saharan Africa
Neurology, Volume 67, No. 2, Year 2006
Notification
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Description
BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can improve cognitive performance in some patients with HIV-associated cognitive impairment in the United States. The effect of HAART on HIV dementia in sub-Saharan Africa is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate neuropsychological test and functional performance in HIV+ individuals after 3 and 6 months of HAART in Uganda. METHODS: Twenty-three HIV+ individuals receiving HAART also received a detailed clinical history, neuropsychological testing, and a functional assessment. Follow-up evaluations were performed at 3 and 6 months after baseline. Longitudinal changes in the HIV dementia stage, the mean Z score for each neuropsychological test, and the Karnofsky Functional Performance Scale were evaluated at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: The mean (SD) CD4 cell count improved from 71 (15) at baseline to 161 (30) at 3 months (p = 0.005) and 222 (46) at 6 months (p < 0.001). Improvements were found in the Memorial Sloan Kettering HIV dementia stage and in tests of verbal memory, psychomotor speed, and executive functioning after 3 and 6 months of HAART (p < 0.001 at 6 months for each neuropsychological test). There was also improvement in the Karnofsky Functional Performance Scale at both 3 and 6 months after the initiation of HAART (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can be associated with improvement in neurocognitive and functional performance in HIV+ individuals in sub-Saharan Africa. These results suggest that HAART, if available in areas with limited resources in sub-Saharan Africa, should be provided for patients with HIV-associated cognitive impairment. Copyright © 2006 by AAN Enterprises, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Sacktor, Ned Charlton
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center
Nakasujja, Noeline
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University
Skolasky, Richard Leroy
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Robertson, Kevin R.
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Wong, Matthew H.
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Musisi, Seggane M.
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University
Ronald, Allan R.
Canada, Winnipeg
University of Manitoba
Katabira, Elly Tebasoboke
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University
Statistics
Citations: 139
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1212/01.wnl.0000225183.74521.72
ISSN:
00283878
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Mental Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Locations
Uganda