Linear Solvation Energy Relationships: 36. Molecular Properties Governing Solubilities of Organic Nonelectrolytes In Water

Molar solubilities of non‐hydrogen bond donor and weak hydrogen bond donor liquid aliphatic solutes in water, or the nearly equivalent quantities, Sg/Kgw, where Kgw is the gas‐water partition coefficient and Sg is the solute concentration in the solute saturated vapor (Sg = Patm/24.5) are well correlated by the equation: (Formula Presented.) V̄ is the solute molar volume (the molecular weight divided by the liquid density at 20°C), and π* and β are the solvatochromic parameters that are measures of solute dipolarity‐polarizability and hydrogen bond acceptor basicity. The equation, which applies to liquid monofunctional aliphatic solutes is used to calculate additional new β and βm values. The βm values, which are intended to apply to self‐associated compounds when acting as monomer= solutes, are: methanol, 0.42; all primary alkanols, 0.45; all secondary alkanols, 0.51; and all tertiary alkanols, 0.57. Copyright © 1986 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company