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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Early childhood cognitive development is affected by interactions among illness, diet, enteropathogens and the home environment: Findings from the MAL-ED birth cohort study
BMJ Global Health, Volume 3, No. 4, Article e000752, Year 2018
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Description
background Millions of children in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are at risk of not reaching their full cognitive potential. Malnutrition and enteric infections in early life are implicated as risk factors; however, most studies on these risks and their associations with cognitive development have failed to adequately account for confounding factors or the accumulation of putative insults. Here, we examine the interaction between infections and illness on cognitive development in LMIC community settings. Methods As part of the Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) longitudinal birth cohort study, children from eight LMICs were followed from birth to 24 months to understand the influence of repeated enteric infections on child growth and development. Here, data from six sites were employed to evaluate associations between infection, illness, the home environment, micronutrient intake and status, maternal reasoning, and cognitive development at 24 months. results Higher rates of enteropathogen detection and days with illness were associated with lower haemoglobin concentrations, which in turn were associated with lower cognitive scores at 24 months. Children with lower environmental health/safety scores and lower intakes of vitamin B 6 and folate had more enteropathogen detections and illness. Strength of associations varied by weight-for-age in the first 17 days of life; lower weight infants were more susceptible to the negative effects of enteropathogens and illness. Conclusions Enteropathogens were negatively related to child cognitive development. However, other factors were more strongly associated with child cognition. Targeting of interventions to improve cognitive development should include a focus on reducing frequency of illness, improving the safety and healthfulness of the child's environment, and improving dietary intake. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Authors & Co-Authors
Murray-Kolb, Laura E.
United States, University Park
Pennsylvania State University
Acosta, Angel Mendez
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
de Burga, Rosa Rios
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
Chávez, Cesar Banda
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
Flores, Julian Torres
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
Olotegui, Maribel Paredes
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
Pinedo, Silvia Rengifo
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
Salas, Mery Siguas
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
Trigoso, Dixner Rengifo
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
Vasquez, Angel Orbe
Peru, Lima
Asociacion Benefica Prisma Lima
Ahmed, Imran
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Alam, Didar
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Ali, Asad S.
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Qureshi, Shahida Mumtaz
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Rasheed, Muneera Abdul
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Soofi, Sajid Bashir
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Turab, Ali
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Zaidi, Anita Kaniz Mehdi
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Bodhidatta, Ladaporn
Thailand, Bangkok
Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Thailand
Mason, Carl J.
Thailand, Bangkok
Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Thailand
Babji, Sudhir
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Bose, Anuradha
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
George, Ajila T.
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Hariraju, Dinesh
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Jennifer, Mats Steffi
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
John, Sushil Mathew
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Kaki, Shiny
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Kang, Gagandeep
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Karunakaran, Priyadarshani
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Koshy, Beena
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Lazarus, Robin Penugula
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Muliyil, Jayaprakash
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Mohan, Venkata Raghava
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Raju, Sophy
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Ramachandran, Anup
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Ramadas, Rakhi
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Ramanujam, Karthikeyan
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Bose, Anuradha
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Roshan, Reeba
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Sharma, Srujan Lam
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Sundaram, Shanmuga E.
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Thomas, Rahul Jacob
India, Vellore
Christian Medical College, Vellore
Pan, William K.Y.
United States, Durham
Duke University
Ambikapathi, Ramya
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Carreon, Joseph Daniel
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Charu, Vivek
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Doan, Viyada
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Graham, Jhanelle
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Hoest, Christel
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Knobler, Stacey L.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Lang, Dennis R.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
United States, Bethesda
National Institutes of Health Nih
McCormick, Benjamin J.J.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
McGrath, Monica
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Miller, Mark A.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Mohale, Archana
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Nayyar, Gaurvika M.L.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Psaki, Stephanie R.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Rasmussen, Zeba A.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Richard, Stephanie A.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Seidman, Jessica C.
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Wang, Vivian Ota
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Blank, Rebecca R.
United States, Bethesda
National Institutes of Health Nih
Gottlieb, Michael
United States, Bethesda
National Institutes of Health Nih
Tountas, Karen H.
United States, Bethesda
National Institutes of Health Nih
Amour, Caroline
Tanzania, Mbulu
Haydom Lutheran Hospital
Bayyo, Eliwaza B.
Tanzania, Mbulu
Haydom Lutheran Hospital
Mduma, Estomih R.
Tanzania, Mbulu
Haydom Lutheran Hospital
Mvungi, Regisiana
Tanzania, Mbulu
Haydom Lutheran Hospital
Nshama, Rosemary P.
Tanzania, Mbulu
Haydom Lutheran Hospital
Pascal, John
Tanzania, Mbulu
Haydom Lutheran Hospital
Swema, Buliga Mujaga
Tanzania, Mbulu
Haydom Lutheran Hospital
Yarrot, Ladislaus Blacy
Tanzania, Mbulu
Haydom Lutheran Hospital
Ahmed, Tahmeed
Unknown Affiliation
Shamsir Ahmed, Abul Mansur
Unknown Affiliation
Haque, Rashidul
Unknown Affiliation
Hossain, Iqbal
Unknown Affiliation
Islam, Mohammad Munirul
Unknown Affiliation
Mahfuz, Mustafa U.
Unknown Affiliation
Mondal, Dinesh K.
Unknown Affiliation
Tofail, Fahmida
Unknown Affiliation
Chandyo, Ram Krishna
Nepal, Kathmandu
Tribhuvan University
Shrestha, Prakash Sunder
Nepal, Kathmandu
Tribhuvan University
Shrestha, Rita
Nepal, Kathmandu
Tribhuvan University
Ulak, Manjeswori
Nepal, Kathmandu
Tribhuvan University
Bauck, Aubrey
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Black, Robert E.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Caulfield, Laura E.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Checkley, William N.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
United States, Bethesda
Fogarty International Center
Kosek, Margaret N.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Lee, Gwenyth O.Neill
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Schulze, Kerry J.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Peñataro Yori, Pablo
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Murray-Kolb, Laura E.
United States, University Park
Pennsylvania State University
Ross, A. Catharine
United States, University Park
Pennsylvania State University
Schaefer, Barbara A.
United States, University Park
Pennsylvania State University
Simons, Suzanne
United States, Philadelphia
Temple University
Pendergast, Laura L.
United States, Philadelphia
Temple University
Abreu, Claúdia B.
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Costa, Hilda
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Moura, Alessandra Di
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Filho, José Quirino S.
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Havt, Alexandre
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Leite, Álvaro Jorge Madeiro
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Moreira Lima, Aldo Ângelo
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Lima, Noélia Leal
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Lima, Ila Fernanda Nunes
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
MacIel, Bruna Leal Lima
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Medeiros, Pedro Henrique Quintela Soares
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Moraes, Milena L.
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Mota, Francisco Suetônio Bastos
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Oriá, Reinaldo B.
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Quetz, Josiane S.
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Soares, Alberto Melo
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Mota, Rosa Maria Salani
Brazil, Fortaleza
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Patil, Crystal L.
United States, Chicago
University of Illinois at Chicago
Bessong, Pascal Obong
South Africa, Thohoyandou
University of Venda
Mahopo, Cloupas
South Africa, Thohoyandou
University of Venda
Maphula, Angelina
South Africa, Thohoyandou
University of Venda
Nyathi, Emanuel
South Africa, Thohoyandou
University of Venda
Samie, Amidou
South Africa, Thohoyandou
University of Venda
Barrett, Leah J.
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Dillingham, Rebecca Anne
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Gratz, Jean C.
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Guerrant, Richard Littleton
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Houpt, Eric R.
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Petri, William A.
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Platts-Mills, James A.
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Scharf, Rebecca J.
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Shrestha, Binob
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Nepal, Kathmandu
Walter Reed/afrims Research Unit
Shrestha, Sanjaya Kumar
Nepal, Kathmandu
Walter Reed/afrims Research Unit
Strand, Tor A.
Nepal, Kathmandu
Walter Reed/afrims Research Unit
Norway, Bergen
Universitetet I Bergen
Svensen, Erling
Norway, Bergen
Haukeland Universitetssjukehus
Statistics
Citations: 77
Authors: 133
Affiliations: 19
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000752
ISSN:
20597908
Research Areas
Environmental
Food Security
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative