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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Efficacy of Messenger RNA-1273 Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Acquisition in Young Adults From March to December 2021
Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, No. 11, Article ofad511, Year 2023
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Description
Background. The efficacy of messenger RNA (mRNA)-1273 against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is not well defined, particularly among young adults. Methods. Adults aged 18-29 years with no known history of SARS-CoV-2 infection or prior vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were recruited from 44 US sites from 24 March to 13 September 2021 and randomized 1:1 to immediate vaccination (receipt of 2 doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine at months 0 and 1) or the standard of care (receipt of COVID-19 vaccine). Randomized participants were followed up for SARS-CoV-2 infection measured by nasal swab testing and symptomatic COVID-19 measured by nasal swab testing plus symptom assessment and assessed for the primary efficacy outcome. A vaccine-declined observational group was also recruited from 16 June to 8 November 2021 and followed up for SARS-CoV-2 infection as specified for the randomized participants. Results. The study enrolled 1149 in the randomized arms and 311 in the vaccine-declined group and collected >122 000 nasal swab samples. Based on randomized participants, the efficacy of 2 doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection was 52.6% (95% confidence interval, -14.1% to 80.3%), with the majority of infections due to the Delta variant. Vaccine efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 was 71.0% (95% confidence interval, -9.5% to 92.3%). Precision was limited owing to curtailed study enrollment and off-study vaccination censoring. The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the vaccine-declined group was 1.8 times higher than in the standard-of-care group. Conclusions. mRNA-1273 vaccination reduced the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection from March to September 2021, but vaccination was only one factor influencing risk. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Authors & Co-Authors
Stephenson, Kathryn E.
United States, Boston
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
United States, Boston
Massachusetts General Hospital
Pettifor, Audrey E.
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Janes, Holly E.
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Brown, Elizabeth R.
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Neradilek, Moni Blazej
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Andriesen, Jessica G.
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Grunenberg, Nicole A.
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Espy, Nicole
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Trahey, Meg
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Fischer, Rebecca S.B.
United States, College Station
Texas A&m University
Shisler, Joanna L.
United States, Urbana
University of Illinois Urbana-champaign
Connick, Elizabeth
United States, Tucson
The University of Arizona
Houpt, Eric R.
United States, Charlottesville
University of Virginia
Chu, Helen Y.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
McCulloh, Russell J.
United States, Omaha
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Becker-Dreps, Sylvia I.
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Vielot, Nadja Alexandra
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Cherabuddi, Kartikeya
United States, Gainesville
University of Florida
Rosenberg, Molly S.
United States, Bloomington
Indiana University Bloomington
Immergluck, Lilly Cheng
United States, Atlanta
Morehouse School of Medicine
Corey, Lawrence
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Kublin, James G.
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Statistics
Authors: 22
Affiliations: 19
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1093/ofid/ofad511
ISSN:
23288957
Research Areas
Covid
Health System And Policy
Study Design
Cohort Study