Screening of latent TB infection in patients with recently diagnosed bronchogenic carcinoma

Background: Cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis are major global health concerns and are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The association between active tuberculosis and subsequent cancer development has been investigated for many years. This study was planned to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in patients with recently diagnosed bronchogenic carcinoma. Methods: Sixty-four newly diagnosed primary lung cancer patients were enrolled. Diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection was performed with QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube tests, with exclusion of active tuberculosis. Results: Latent tuberculosis infection was detected in 16 (25%) patients, and 8 (12.5%) had indeterminate results of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test. Being a current smoker was associated with a higher prevalence of latent tuberculosis (p = 0.001). Comorbidities, tumor site, and histopathology were not associated with latent tuberculosis infection. Conclusions: There is a considerable risk of concurrent latent tuberculosis in newly diagnosed primary bronchogenic carcinoma. The need for treatment of latent tuberculosis in these patients and its influence on the outcome and prognosis are issues for further investigations.