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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Experimental infection of a bovine model with human isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Volume 141, No. 3-4, Year 2011
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Description
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), the etiologic agent of Johne's disease (JD) in ruminants, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) in humans. We developed a bovine ileal cannulation model to facilitate comparison of the immune response to Map and the mechanisms of pathogenesis in cattle and humans. Initial studies showed a T cannula could be maintained for up to a year in calves without inducing inflammation or adversely affecting intestinal function. Map introduced through the cannula established a persistent low level of infection without inflammation. Infection elicited an immune response to Map antigens detectable by flow cytometry. Further studies now show the cannulation model can be used with cows during the later stage of infection, affording access to the target tissue at all stages of infection. The studies also revealed no difference in infectivity or immunogenicity of isolates of Map obtained from cattle or humans with CD. Comparison of the immune response to Map during the early and late stages of infection using PCR, flow cytometry and QRT-PCR, showed the immune response early in the disease process is dominated by CD4 T cells. A CD8 response is delayed but comparable at later stages of infection. Genes for pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and the recently identified genes encoding IL-17 and IL-22 are up regulated in infected animals. These findings reveal that both human and bovine isolates of Map can establish infection and induce similar immune responses in a bovine model. They also reveal the cytokine responses elicited in cattle are similar to those implicated in CD pathogenesis. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Authors & Co-Authors
Allen, Andrew J.
United States, Pullman
Washington State University Pullman
Park, Kun Taek
United States, Pullman
Washington State University Pullman
Barrington, George
United States, Pullman
Washington State University Pullman
Lahmers, Kevin K.
United States, Pullman
Washington State University Pullman
Abdellrazeq, Gaber S.
Egypt, Alexandria
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Rihan, Heba M.
Egypt, Mansoura
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Sreevatsan, Srinand S.
United States, Minneapolis
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Davies, Christopher Joseph
United States, Logan
Utah State University
Hamilton, Mary Jo
United States, Pullman
Washington State University Pullman
Davis, William C.
United States, Pullman
Washington State University Pullman
Statistics
Citations: 45
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.03.014
ISSN:
01652427
Research Areas
Health System And Policy