Superficial skin infections and bacterial dermohypodermitis

Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes are the two main bacteria involved in skin infections in children. Mild infections like limited impetigo and furonculosis should preferentially be treated by topical antibiotics (mupirocine or fucidic acid). Empiric antimicrobial therapy of dermohypodermitis consists in amoxicillin-clavulanate through oral route (80. mg/kg/d) or parenteral route (150. mg/kg amoxicillin per d. in 3-4doses) for complicated features: risk factors of extension of the infection, sepsis or fast evolution. Clindamycin (40. mg/kg/d per d. in 3doses) should be added to the beta-lactam treatment in case of toxinic shock, surgical necrotizing soft tissues or fasciitis infections. © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS.