Nanofluid mixed convection inside wavy cavity with heat source: A non-homogeneous study

In this study, mixed convection regarding nanofluid within the wavy lid-driven enclosure and a prominent heat source is investigated. A two-phase method is applied to the employed nanoliquid which leads to a non-homogeneous concentration field. The obtained governing equations are solved by the finite element technique. The effects of adding nanoparticles in base flow on velocity, temperature, and concentration field are investigated. Also, the effects of different geometric dimensions on heat transfer, such as heat source aspect ratio, wave number, and amplitude of wavy walls are investigated. The outcomes reveal that increasing the application of nanoparticles, wave number and amplitude of the wavy wall, and aspect ratio of heat source yields an improvement within the rate of heat transfer.