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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Epidemiological and molecular characteristics of a highly lethal pneumococcal meningitis epidemic in Burkina Faso
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 43, No. 6, Year 2006
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Description
Background. Public health and clinical strategies for meningitis epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa usually assume that Neisseria meningitidis infection causes most disease. Methods. During 24 months from 2002 to 2005, we collected clinical and laboratory information for suspected acute bacterial meningitis cases from 3 districts in Burkina Faso. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified by culture, polymerase chain reaction, or antigen detection in cerebrospinal fluid. Pneumococcal genotyping was performed on strains using multilocus variable-number tandem repeat typing and multilocus sequence typing. Results. Samples of cerebrospinal fluid were collected from 1686 persons; 249 (15%) had S. pneumoniae identified (annual incidence, 14 cases per 100,000 persons). Of these patients, 115 (46%) died, making S. pneumoniae the most commonly identified organism and responsible for two-thirds of deaths due to bacterial meningitis. During the meningitis epidemic season, an average of 38 cases of S. pneumoniae infection were identified each month, compared with an average of 8.7 cases during other months. Of 48 pneumococci that were tested, 21 (44%) were identified as serotype 1, and the remaining 27 (56%) were identified as 15 different serogroups and/or serotypes. Both serotype 1 and other serogroups and/or serotypes were seasonal. The genotypes of serotype 1 isolates were closely related but diversified over the study period and were similar to, but not identical to, the predominant genotypes found previously in Ghana. Conclusions. Intervention strategies during the epidemic season in Burkina Faso (and perhaps elsewhere) must now account for pneumococcal meningitis occurring in an epidemic pattern similar to meningococcal meningitis. Although a serotype 1 clone was commonly isolated, over half of the cases were caused by other serogroups and/or serotypes, and genetic diversification increased over a relatively short period. © 2006 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Yaro, Seydou
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Centre Muraz
Lourd, Mathilde
France, Paris
Agence de Médecine Préventive
Traoré, Yves
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
University of Ouagadougou
Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe Marie
France, Paris
Agence de Médecine Préventive
Sawadogo, Adrien Bruno
Burkina Faso, Bobo-dioulasso
Centre Hospitalier National Souro Sanou
Sangaré, Lassana
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo
Hien, Alain D.
Burkina Faso, Bobo-dioulasso
Centre Hospitalier National Souro Sanou
Ouédraogo, Macaire Sampawendé
France, Paris
Agence de Médecine Préventive
Sanou, Oumarou
France, Paris
Agence de Médecine Préventive
Parent-Du-Châtelet, Isabelle
France, Paris
Agence de Médecine Préventive
Koeck, Jean Louis
France, Villenave-d'ornon
Hôpital D'instruction Des Armées Robert Picqué
Gessner, Bradford D.
France, Paris
Agence de Médecine Préventive
France, Paris
Institut Pasteur, Paris
Statistics
Citations: 136
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1086/506940
ISSN:
10584838
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cohort Study
Study Locations
Burkina Faso
Ghana