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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Antifungal drug susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans from clinical sources in Nairobi, Kenya
Mycoses, Volume 50, No. 1, Year 2007
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Description
The serotypes and mating types of 80 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from Kenya were studied and subjected to broth microdilution susceptibility testing to amphotericin B (AMP), flucytosin, fluconazole (FLC), itraconazole (ITC) and miconazole (MCZ). The isolates included C. neoformans var. grubii- 75 of 80 (serotype A; 93.7%), C. neoformans var. neoformans- three of 80 (3.8%) and C. neoformans var. gattii- two (serotype B; 2.5%). Mating experiment confirmed all the isolates to be α-mating type. Seventy-eight (97.5%) of the isolates had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ≤0.5 μg ml-1 to AMP and at 1 μg ml-1, 100% of the isolates were inhibited. Flucytosin resistance was observed in 21% with MIC in which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (MIC90) of 64 μg ml -1. Only 23.8% of the strains were susceptible to FLC with 65% susceptible dose-dependent (SDD) and 11.2% resistant. Itraconazole susceptibility was 61.3% while the rest were either SDD or resistant. The MIC90 for ITC and MCZ were 0.5 and 2 μg ml-1 respectively. The study reports the serotypes, mating types and highlights the existence of azoles resistance in C. neoformans in Nairobi which calls for antifungal drug resistance surveillance as prophylactic use of FLC increases because of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. © 2007 The Authors.
Authors & Co-Authors
Bii, Christine C.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Japan, Mitaka
Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine
Makimura, Koichi
Japan, Tokyo
Teikyo University
Abe, Shigeru
Japan, Tokyo
Teikyo University
Taguchi, Haruhiko
Japan, Mitaka
Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine
Mugasia, Olga M.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Revathi, Gutura
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenyatta National Hospital
Wamae, Claire Njeri
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Kamiya, Shigeru
Japan, Mitaka
Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine
Statistics
Citations: 65
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1439-0507.2006.01293.x
ISSN:
09337407
e-ISSN:
14390507
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Kenya