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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Pitfalls with rapid HIV antibody testing in HIV-infected children in the Western Cape, South Africa
Journal of Clinical Virology, Volume 37, No. 1, Year 2006
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Description
Background: Rapid HIV antibody tests are commonly used for HIV diagnosis in the developing world. These tests are generally reported as sensitive, despite paucity of evaluations in paediatric populations. Objectives: We tested specimens of paediatric patients, known to be HIV-infected, to detect any false negative tests and determine associations with such an outcome. Study design: One hundred and fifty-three specimens, from 109 patients, recorded to be HIV-infected by standard testing, were tested on the Capillus™ HIV-1/HIV-2 test (Trinity Biotech, Ireland); 150 specimens also had sufficient volume to be tested on Abbott Determine™ HIV1/2 assay (Abbott GmbH, Wiesbaden, Germany). Treatment information, CD4 counts and HIV-1 viral load measurements were obtained from patient files and laboratory databases. Results: Twenty-one of 153 specimens tested negative on the Capillus (sensitivity 86.3%). False negative results by Capillus were associated with antiretroviral treatment (ART) (p = 0.0018) and lower HIV-1 viral load (p = 0.013). Serial dilutions of some of the specimens indicated that both rapid tests, and the Capillus in particular, became negative at lower dilutions than an HIV enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Conclusions: The Capillus test had an unexpectedly low sensitivity in a South African population of HIV-infected children that had access to antiretroviral treatment, posing a risk of false negative HIV testing. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Claassen, Mathilda
South Africa, Tygerberg
Faculty of Health Sciences
Van Zyl, Gert Uves
South Africa, Tygerberg
Faculty of Health Sciences
Korsman, Stephen N.J.
South Africa, Tygerberg
Faculty of Health Sciences
Smit, Liezl
South Africa, Tygerberg
Faculty of Health Sciences
Cotton, Mark Fredric
South Africa, Tygerberg
Tygerberg Hospital
Preiser, Wolfgang
South Africa, Tygerberg
Faculty of Health Sciences
Statistics
Citations: 41
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 2
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.jcv.2006.06.008
ISSN:
13866532
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
South Africa