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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Safety and effectiveness of meglumine antimoniate in the treatment of Ethiopian visceral leishmaniasis patients with and without HIV co-infection
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 104, No. 11, Year 2010
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Description
In sub-Saharan Africa, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is treated with either PentostamTM (sodium antimony gluconate) or generic sodium stibogluconate (SSG), except in Uganda where Glucantime® (meglumine antimoniate) has been in use for at least a decade. Between January 2008 and February 2009, 54 Ethiopian VL patients were treated with Glucantime. The medical charts of these patients were reviewed to assess the effectiveness and safety profile of Glucantime in a routine healthcare setting. None of the patients from south Ethiopia (n=24) and 46.4% of the patients from north Ethiopia (n=30) were HIV co-infected. At completion of treatment (Day 31), cure rates were 78.6% (95% CI 59.0-91.7%) in north Ethiopia and 100% (95% CI 85.8-100%) in south Ethiopia. Thirty-three non-serious and six serious adverse events (two pancreatitis, one renal failure and three deaths) were observed in 26 patients. One-third of the non-serious adverse events were due to biochemical pancreatitis. During treatment, a case-fatality rate of 10.0% in north Ethiopia and 0.0% in south Ethiopia was noted. These data show that Glucantime can be as effective as Pentostam or SSG in HIV-negative patients. The data also point to clinical pancreatitis as a safety concern, especially in patients with HIV co-infection. © 2010 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Hailu, Workagegnehu
Ethiopia, Gondar
University of Gondar
Weldegebreal, Teklu
Ethiopia
Arba Minch Hospital
Hurissa, Zewdu
Ethiopia, Gondar
University of Gondar
Tafes, Hailemariam
Ethiopia
Arba Minch Hospital
Omollo, Raymond
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Yifru, Sisay
Ethiopia, Gondar
University of Gondar
Balasegaram, Manica
Switzerland, Geneve
Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative Dndi
Hailu, Asrat
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
School of Medicine
Statistics
Citations: 21
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.07.007
ISSN:
00359203
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Locations
Ethiopia
Uganda