Skip to content
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Evolutionary origins of human herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2
Molecular Biology and Evolution, Volume 31, No. 9, Year 2014
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Description
Herpesviruses have been infecting and codiverging with their vertebrate hosts for hundreds of millions of years. The primate simplex viruses exemplify this pattern of virus-host codivergence, at a minimum, as far back as the most recent common ancestor of NewWorldmonkeys, OldWorld monkeys, and apes. Humans are the only primate species known to be infected with two distinct herpes simplex viruses: HSV-1 and HSV-2. Human herpes simplex viruses are ubiquitous, with over two-thirds of the human population infected by at least one virus. Here, we investigated whether the additional human simplex virus is the result of ancient viral lineage duplication or cross-species transmission. We found that standard phylogenetic models of nucleotide substitution are inadequate for distinguishing among these competing hypotheses; the extent of synonymous substitutions causes a substantial underestimation of the lengths of some of the branches in the phylogeny, consistent with observations in other viruses (e.g., avian influenza, Ebola, and coronaviruses). To more accurately estimate ancient viral divergence times, we applied a branch-site random effects likelihood model ofmolecular evolution that allows the strength of natural selection to vary across both the viral phylogeny and the gene alignment. This selection-informed model favored a scenario in which HSV-1 is the result of ancient codivergence and HSV-2 arose from a cross-species transmission event from the ancestor of modern chimpanzees to an extinct Homo precursor of modern humans, around 1.6Ma. These results provide a new framework for understanding human herpes simplex virus evolution and demonstrate the importance of using selection-informedmodels of sequence evolution when investigating viral origin hypotheses. © The Author 2014.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4137711/bin/supp_31_9_2356__index.html
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4137711/bin/supp_msu185_Supporting_Figure1.pdf
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4137711/bin/supp_msu185_HSV_glycoproteins.nex.txt
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4137711/bin/supp_msu185_HSV_glycorproteins_BEAST.xml
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4137711/bin/supp_msu185_HSV_UL27.nex.txt
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4137711/bin/supp_msu185_HSV_UL27_BEAST.xml
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4137711/bin/supp_msu185_HSV_UL27_r8s.txt
Authors & Co-Authors
Wertheim, Joel O.
United States, La Jolla
University of California, San Diego
Smith, Martin D.
United States, La Jolla
University of California, San Diego
Smith, Davey
United States, La Jolla
University of California, San Diego
United States, San Diego
Va San Diego Healthcare System
Scheffler, Konrad
United States, La Jolla
University of California, San Diego
South Africa, Stellenbosch
Stellenbosch University
Pond, Sergei L.Kosakovsky
United States, La Jolla
University of California, San Diego
Statistics
Citations: 122
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1093/molbev/msu185
ISSN:
07374038
e-ISSN:
15371719
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study