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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Developing a tool to measure satisfaction among health professionals in sub-Saharan Africa
Human Resources for Health, Volume 11, No. 1, Article 30, Year 2013
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Description
Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, lack of motivation and job dissatisfaction have been cited as causes of poor healthcare quality and outcomes. Measurement of health workers' satisfaction adapted to sub-Saharan African working conditions and cultures is a challenge. The objective of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument to measure satisfaction among health professionals in the sub-Saharan African context.Methods: A survey was conducted in Senegal and Mali in 2011 among 962 care providers (doctors, midwives, nurses and technicians) practicing in 46 hospitals (capital, regional and district). The participation rate was very high: 97% (937/962). After exploratory factor analysis (EFA), construct validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The discriminant validity of our subscales was evaluated by comparing the average variance extracted (AVE) for each of the constructs with the squared interconstruct correlation (SIC), and finally for criterion validity, each subscale was tested with two hypotheses. Two dimensions of reliability were assessed: internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha subscales and stability over time using a test-retest process.Results: Eight dimensions of satisfaction encompassing 24 items were identified and validated using a process that combined psychometric analyses and expert opinions: continuing education, salary and benefits, management style, tasks, work environment, workload, moral satisfaction and job stability. All eight dimensions demonstrated significant discriminant validity. The final model showed good performance, with a root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.0508 (90% CI: 0.0448 to 0.0569) and a comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.9415. The concurrent criterion validity of the eight dimensions was good. Reliability was assessed based on internal consistency, which was good for all dimensions but one (moral satisfaction < 0.70). Test-retest showed satisfactory temporal stability (intra class coefficient range: 0.60 to 0.91).Conclusions: Job satisfaction is a complex construct; this study provides a multidimensional instrument whose content, construct and criterion validities were verified to ensure its suitability for the sub-Saharan African context. When using these subscales in further studies, the variability of the reliability of the subscales should be taken in to account for calculating the sample sizes. The instrument will be useful in evaluative studies which will help guide interventions aimed at improving both the quality of care and its effectiveness. © 2013 Faye et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3704923/bin/1478-4491-11-30-S1.docx
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3704923/bin/1478-4491-11-30-S2.docx
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3704923/bin/1478-4491-11-30-S3.doc
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3704923/bin/1478-4491-11-30-S4.doc
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3704923/bin/1478-4491-11-30-S5.docx
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3704923/bin/1478-4491-11-30-S6.docx
Authors & Co-Authors
Faye, Adama
Senegal, Dakar
Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
Canada, Montreal
Centre Hospitalier de L'universite de Montreal
Fournier, Pierre
Canada, Montreal
Centre Hospitalier de L'universite de Montreal
Diop, Idrissa L.
Senegal, Dakar
Hygea
Philibert, Aline
Canada, Montreal
Centre Hospitalier de L'universite de Montreal
Morestin, Florence
Canada, Quebec
Institut National de Sante Publique du Québec
Dumont, Alexandre
France, Marseille
Ird Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement
Statistics
Citations: 54
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1478-4491-11-30
e-ISSN:
14784491
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Exploratory Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Mali
Senegal