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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Peru-15 (Choleragarde®), a live attenuated oral cholera vaccine, is safe and immunogenic in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive adults in Thailand
Vaccine, Volume 33, No. 38, Article 16768, Year 2015
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Description
Background: Many areas with endemic and epidemic cholera report significant levels of HIV transmission. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 95% of reported cholera cases occur in Africa, which also accounts for nearly 70% of people living with HIV/AIDS globally. Peru-15, a promising single dose live attenuated oral cholera vaccine (LA-OCV), was previously found to be safe and immunogenic in cholera endemic areas. However, no data on the vaccine's safety among HIV-seropositive adults had been collected. Methods: This study was a double-blinded, individually randomized, placebo-controlled trial enrolling HIV-seropositive adults, 18-45 years of age, conducted in Bangkok, Thailand, to assess the safety of Peru-15 in a HIV-seropositive cohort. Results: 32 HIV infected subjects were randomized to receive either a single oral dose of the Peru-15 vaccine with a buffer or a placebo (buffer only). No serious adverse events were reported during the follow-up period in either group. The geometric mean fold (GMF) rise in V. cholerae O1 El Tor specific antibody titers between baseline and 7 days after dosing was 32.0 (. p<. 0.001) in the vaccine group compared to 1.6 (. p<. 0.14) in the placebo group. Among the 16 vaccinees,14 vaccinees (87.5%) had seroconversion compared to 1 of 16 placebo recipients (6.3%). V. cholerae was isolated from the stool of one vaccinee, and found to be genetically identical to the Peru-15 vaccine strain. There were no significant changes in HIV viral load or CD4 T-cell counts between vaccine and placebo groups. Conclusion: Peru-15 was shown to be safe and immunogenic in HIV-seropositive Thai adults. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ratanasuwan, Winai
Thailand, Nakhon Pathom
Mahidol University
Sah, Binod K.
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Kim, Deokryun
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Lopez, Anna Lena
Philippines, Manila
National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila
Grahek, Shannon Lee
United States, Washington, D.c.
The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences
United States, Washington, D.c.
Sabin Vaccine Institute
Clemens, John David
Bangladesh, Dhaka
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh
Wierzba, Thomas F.
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Statistics
Citations: 5
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.073
ISSN:
0264410X
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cohort Study