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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Neurovegetative symptom subtypes in young people with major depressive disorder and their structural brain correlates
Translational Psychiatry, Volume 10, No. 1, Article 108, Year 2020
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Description
Depression is a leading cause of burden of disease among young people. Current treatments are not uniformly effective, in part due to the heterogeneous nature of major depressive disorder (MDD). Refining MDD into more homogeneous subtypes is an important step towards identifying underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and improving treatment of young people. In adults, symptom-based subtypes of depression identified using data-driven methods mainly differed in patterns of neurovegetative symptoms (sleep and appetite/weight). These subtypes have been associated with differential biological mechanisms, including immuno-metabolic markers, genetics and brain alterations (mainly in the ventral striatum, medial orbitofrontal cortex, insular cortex, anterior cingulate cortex amygdala and hippocampus). K-means clustering was applied to individual depressive symptoms from the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS) in 275 young people (15–25 years old) with MDD to identify symptom-based subtypes, and in 244 young people from an independent dataset (a subsample of the STAR*D dataset). Cortical surface area and thickness and subcortical volume were compared between the subtypes and 100 healthy controls using structural MRI. Three subtypes were identified in the discovery dataset and replicated in the independent dataset; severe depression with increased appetite, severe depression with decreased appetite and severe insomnia, and moderate depression. The severe increased appetite subtype showed lower surface area in the anterior insula compared to both healthy controls. Our findings in young people replicate the previously identified symptom-based depression subtypes in adults. The structural alterations of the anterior insular cortex add to the existing evidence of different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in this subtype. © 2020, The Author(s).
Authors & Co-Authors
Schmaal, Lianne
Australia, Melbourne
Orygen Youth Health
Australia, Melbourne
University of Melbourne
Harrison, Ben J.
Australia, Melbourne
Melbourne Health
Dinga, Richard
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Amsterdam Umc
Netherlands, Nijmegen
Radboud Universiteit
Berk, Michael
Australia, Melbourne
Orygen Youth Health
Australia, Melbourne
University of Melbourne
Australia, Geelong
Barwon Health
Australia, Melbourne
The Florey
Davey, Christopher G.
Australia, Melbourne
Orygen Youth Health
Australia, Melbourne
University of Melbourne
Statistics
Citations: 17
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1038/s41398-020-0787-9
ISSN:
21583188
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Mental Health
Noncommunicable Diseases