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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a middle-income country and estimated cost of a treatment strategy
BMC Public Health, Volume 6, Article 9, Year 2006
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Description
Background: We assessed the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a middle-income country in rapid epidemiological transition and estimated direct costs for treating all individuals at increased cardiovascular risk, i.e. following the so-called "high risk strategy". Methods: Survey of risk factors using an age- and sex-stratified random sample of the population of Seychelles aged 25-64 in 2004. Assessment of CVD risk and treatment modalities were in line with international guidelines. Costs are expressed as US$ per capita per year. Results: 1255 persons took part in the survey (participation rate of 80.2%). Prevalence of main risk factors was: 39.6% for high blood pressure (≥140/90 mmHg or treatment) of which 59% were under treatment; 24.2% for high cholesterol (≥6.2 mmol/l); 20.8% for low HDL-cholesterol (< 1.0 mmol/l); 9.3% for diabetes (fasting glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l); 17.5% for smoking; 25.1% for obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2) and 22.1% for the metabolic syndrome. Overall, 43% had HBP, high cholesterol or diabetes and substantially increased CVD risk. The cost for medications needed to treat all high-risk individuals amounted to US $45.6, i.e. $11.2 for high blood pressure, $3.8 for diabetes, and $30.6 for dyslipidemia (using generic drugs except for hypercholesterolemia). Cost for minimal follow-up medical care and laboratory tests amounted to $22.6. Conclusion: High prevalence of major risk factors was found in a rapidly developing country and costs for treatment needed to reduce risk factors in all high-risk individuals exceeded resources generally available in low or middle income countries. Our findings emphasize the need for affordable cost-effective treatment strategies and the critical importance of population strategies aimed at reducing risk factors in the entire population. © 2006 Bovet et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Bovet, Pascal
Seychelles
Ministry of Health and Social Development
Switzerland, Lausanne
Institut Universitaire de Médecine Sociale et Préventive Lausanne
Shamlaye, Conrad F.
Seychelles
Ministry of Health and Social Development
Gabriel, Anne
Seychelles
Ministry of Health and Social Development
Riesen, Walter F.
Switzerland, St Gallen
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology
Paccaud, Fred Michel
Seychelles
Ministry of Health and Social Development
Statistics
Citations: 104
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1471-2458-6-9
ISSN:
14712458
e-ISSN:
14712458
Research Areas
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Seychelles