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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
The spectrum of HIV-related nephropathy in children
Pediatric Nephrology, Volume 27, No. 5, Year 2012
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Description
Background Despite the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease in Southern Africa, there have been few reports of HIV-related nephropathy in children. This study outlines the spectrum of HIV-1-related kidney diseases of children in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods A review of the clinical presentation, laboratory and histopathological findings of children diagnosed with HIV-related nephropathy. Results Forty-nine out of 71 children (1-16 years old) with HIV-1 related nephropathy underwent kidney biopsy. The most common histopathological finding was focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which was present in 32 (65.3%) children; 13 (26.5%) having collapsing glomerulopathy and 19 (38.8%) classic FSGS. The majority of patients showed haematological (86.4%) and electrolyte abnormalities (69.4%). Renal impairment was present in 41% of patients on initial presentation. However, end-stage kidney disease was present in only 4% of these patients. All patients were treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), the majority (79.6%) showed decreased proteinuria with 38.8% having complete remission. Conclusions This study, one of the largest series of children reported from Africa, demonstrates that nephrotic syndrome due to HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is the commonest presentation of HIV-related nephropathy in childhood. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme antagonists is highly effective in decreasing proteinuria and preserving renal function. © IPNA 2012.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ramsuran, Duran
South Africa, Durban
The Nelson R. Mandela Medical School
Bhimma, Rajendra
South Africa, Durban
The Nelson R. Mandela Medical School
Ramdial, Pratistadevi Kanaye
South Africa, Durban
The Nelson R. Mandela Medical School
Naicker, Elaene
South Africa, Durban
The Nelson R. Mandela Medical School
Adhikari, Mirriam A.
South Africa, Durban
The Nelson R. Mandela Medical School
Deonarain, Julian
South Africa, Durban
The Nelson R. Mandela Medical School
Sing, Yetish
South Africa, Durban
The Nelson R. Mandela Medical School
Naicker, Thajasvarie A.
South Africa, Durban
The Nelson R. Mandela Medical School
Statistics
Citations: 49
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 1
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1007/s00467-011-2074-8
ISSN:
0931041X
e-ISSN:
1432198X
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Locations
South Africa