Round-Trip Wireless Charging Infrastructure for Heterogeneous Electric Vehicles on Highways: Modelling and Optimization

In this paper, we propose a new approach to dynamic wireless charging that allows electric vehicles to charge wirelessly while in motion in both lanes on highways. The challenge is to locate the charging infrastructure on a highway between origin O and destination S (round trip) with heterogeneous battery vehicles, where each type of vehicle requires its allocation of charging segments on the road. We aim to ensure that each type of vehicle can complete a round trip without running out of battery charge while minimizing the number of charging segments and inverters on the road by studying both lanes simultaneously. We model the problem mathematically and validate it using a CPLEX optimizer for limited instances. Finally, we solve the problem using a hybrid approach that combines genetic algorithms and local search techniques to balance diversification and intensification. We have significantly improved the results found in the literature by reducing the number of inverters, which are expensive components in the charging infrastructure. Our approach takes advantage of utilizing a single inverter for both lanes of the highway, leading to cost savings and improved efficiency.