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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Treatment of murine cerebral malaria by artemisone in combination with conventional antimalarial drugs: Antiplasmodial effects and immune responses
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 58, No. 8, Year 2014
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Description
The decreasing effectiveness of antimalarial therapy due to drug resistance necessitates constant efforts to develop new drugs. Artemisinin derivatives are the most recent drugs that have been introduced and are considered the first line of treatment, but there are already indications of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinins. Consequently, drug combinations are recommended for prevention of the induction of resistance. The research here demonstrates the effects of novel combinations of the new artemisinin derivative, artemisone, a recently described 10-alkylamino artemisinin derivative with improved antimalarial activity and reduced neurotoxicity. We here investigate its ability to kill P. falciparum in a high-throughput in vitro assay and to protect mice against lethal cerebral malaria caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA when used alone or in combination with established antimalarial drugs. Artemisone effects against P. falciparum in vitro were synergistic with halofantrine and mefloquine, and additive with 25 other drugs, including chloroquine and doxycycline. The concentrations of artemisone combinations that were toxic against THP-1 cells in vitro were much higher than their effective antimalarial concentration. Artemisone, mefloquine, chloroquine, or piperaquine given individually mostly protected mice against cerebral malaria caused by P. berghei ANKA but did not prevent parasite recrudescence. Combinations of artemisone with any of the other three drugs did completely cure most mice of malaria. The combination of artemisone and chloroquine decreased the ratio of proinflammatory (gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor) to anti-inflammatory (interleukin 10 [IL-10], IL-4) cytokines in the plasma of P. berghei-infected mice. Thus, artemisone in combinations with other antimalarial drugs might have a dual action, both killing parasites and limiting the potentially deleterious host inflammatory response. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Guiguemde, Wendyam Armand
United States, Memphis
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Hunt, Nicholas H.
Australia, Sydney
The University of Sydney
Guo, Jintao
Australia, Sydney
The University of Sydney
Marciano, Annael
United States, Memphis
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Haynes, Richard K.
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Clark, Julie A.
United States, Memphis
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Guy, R. Kiplin
United States, Memphis
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Golenser, Jacob
Australia, Sydney
The University of Sydney
Israel, Jerusalem
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Statistics
Citations: 20
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1128/AAC.01553-13
ISSN:
00664804
e-ISSN:
10986596
Research Areas
Cancer
Environmental
Infectious Diseases