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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccination among HIV-1 infected and uninfected adults in Kenya
Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 207, No. 3, Year 2013
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Description
Background. In studies from high-income countries, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected persons have diminished responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination, compared with HIV-1-uninfected persons, but data from other settings are limited.Methods. We compared the immune response to HBV vaccination among HIV-1-infected and HIV-1-uninfected Kenyan adults and assessed the response of HIV-1-infected initial nonresponders to revaccination with a standard HBV vaccine series.Results. Of 603 participants, 310 (51.4%) were HIV-1-infected, for whom the median CD4+ T-cell count was 557 cells/μL (interquartile range, 428-725 cells/μL); none were receiving antiretroviral therapy. Nonresponse to HBV vaccine was higher among HIV-1-infected participants, compared with HIV-1-uninfected participants (35.8% vs 14.3%; odds ratio, 3.33; P <. 001). Of 102 HIV-1-infected initial nonresponders, 88 (86.3%) responded to revaccination, for an overall response, including to revaccination, of 94.9%. Among HIV-1-infected individuals, lower CD4+ T-cell counts and male sex were independent predictors of nonresponse to initial vaccination, and lower body mass index, higher plasma HIV-1 RNA levels, and longer time to revaccination predicted nonresponse to revaccination.Conclusions. Kenyan adults had similar HBV vaccination responses as persons from high-income countries. Timely revaccination of HIV-1-infected nonresponders increased response to the vaccine to 95%. © 2012 The Author.
Authors & Co-Authors
Irungu, Elizabeth M.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenyatta National Hospital
Mugo, Nelly Rwamba
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenyatta National Hospital
Ngure, Kenneth K.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenyatta National Hospital
Kenya, Nairobi
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
Njuguna, Robert
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenyatta National Hospital
Celum, Connie L.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Farquhar, Carey
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Dhanireddy, Shireesha
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Baeten, Jared M.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Statistics
Citations: 46
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1093/infdis/jis695
ISSN:
00221899
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Case-Control Study
Study Locations
Kenya
Participants Gender
Male